人口老龄化背景下我国城市以房养老的困境与对策研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 17:38

本文关键词： 人口老龄化以房养老住房反向抵押贷款困境对策　出处：《安徽大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的发展,我国已经步入老龄化社会,并且老龄化程度正在进-步加重,越来越庞大的老年人口使得社会和家庭的养老负担日益严重,如何解决养老问题,缓解社会负担成为一个无法回避的现实。不同于西方国家老龄化出现在基本实现现代化之后,我国老龄化则是未富先老的国情,同时我国的社会保障体系发展不够健全,养老金缺口不断扩大。为了应对当前老龄化的严峻形势,探索一种养老的新模式势在必行。以房养老正是在这样的背景下应运而生。以房养老将房产和养老结合起来,使老年人能够将家庭固定资产转换为流动资金并用于养老,从而提高晚年生活质量。这不仅有利于解决社会养老矛盾,还能够在一定程度上促进社会经济的发展。但是目前我国无论是在理论实践研究基础还是社会经济条件或者政府政策引导,以房养老推行的条件都不够成熟,这使得我国以房养老实际开展过程中障碍重重,以房养老的效果不尽人意。本文基于这样的背景,从三个层次对住房反向抵押贷款养老方式做了相关研究和分析。首先是从人口老龄化的现状和以房养老的相关概念,总结以房养老的一般理论与规律。其次具体分析美国、英国、日本等以房养老发展较为成熟的西方国家的实践和经验,并从中总结先行者的经验和教训。最后,从以房养老最早试水的南京以及正在推进试点的北京、上海、武汉、广州五个城市出发,分析我国以房养老发展的现状,并总结以房养老发展过程中遇到的障碍和原因,进而提出一些可行性的政策建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of social economy, our country has entered an aging society, and the degree of aging is increasing, more and more large elderly population makes the social and family pension burden is becoming more and more serious. How to solve the pension problem and ease the social burden has become an unavoidable reality. Different from the aging in western countries after the basic realization of modernization, aging in China is an old situation before wealth. At the same time, the development of social security system in China is not perfect enough, pension gap continues to expand. In order to cope with the current severe situation of aging. It is imperative to explore a new mode of providing for the aged. It is precisely under this background that housing provides for the aged. So that the elderly can convert family fixed assets into working capital and be used for the aged, so as to improve the quality of life in old age, which is not only conducive to solve the contradiction of social pension. To a certain extent, it can also promote the development of social economy. However, at present, whether in the theoretical and practical research basis or social and economic conditions or government policy guidance, the conditions for the implementation of housing for the aged are not mature enough. This makes the actual development of housing pension in the process of obstacles, housing pension effect is not satisfactory. This paper based on such a background. From the three levels of the housing reverse mortgage pension way to do the relevant research and analysis. Firstly, from the current situation of population aging and the related concept of housing pension. Summarize the general theory and law of housing for the aged. Secondly, analyze the practice and experience of the United States, Britain, Japan and other western countries, and sum up the experiences and lessons of the forerunners. This paper analyzes the present situation of the development of housing for the aged in Nanjing, China, and five cities, Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan and Guangzhou, which are pushing forward the pilot projects. This paper summarizes the obstacles and reasons in the development of housing for the aged, and then puts forward some feasible policy suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.6

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