温州市城区初中学生体质影响因素的实证研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 00:07

本文关键词： 初中学生体质影响因素策略　出处：《温州大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：初中学生正处在身心发育的关键阶段,他们的体质作为全民体质的重要组成部分,倍受社会各界关注,本研究以温州市城区初中学生体质现状为切入点,借鉴系统方法论的“物理-事理-人理”理论研究范式,以温州市城区初中学校学生、家长、体育教师为调查对象,实证探讨影响温州市城区初中学生体质的主要因素,综合采用文献资料法、对比分析法、调查法、数理统计法的具体方法,主要围绕三方面问题展开:第一,对比能真实反映近几年温州市城区、浙江省初中学生体质的各项指标数据,理性定位温州市城区初中学生体质所处水平,即温州市城区初中学生体质现状如何?第二,归因分析影响温州市城区初中学生体质的主要因素有哪些?并逐一对这些主要因素联系实际展开实证调查。第三,针对影响温州市城区初中学生体质的主要因素,探讨应对策略,提出可行性建议。通过对以上三方面问题的思考,研究目的在于从影响温州市城区初中学生体质的诸多因素中探索主要影响因素,或曰核心因素,从而完成对学生体质影响因素的实证探讨。研究认为:1.综合分析2011-2015年温州市城区初中学生主要体质指标呈现以下特征:身体形态发育水平有不同程度的提高,但仍然存在一定的问题,女生偏瘦比例呈逐年增大趋势,男女学生肥胖比例居高不下;男女学生身体机能整体状况均低于浙江省平均水平,相比而言女生情况更令人担忧;身体素质总体下滑,尤其是耐力素质下滑趋势更加明显。2.影响温州市城区初中学生体质的主要因素有:学生因素、学校因素、家庭因素、社会因素,实证分析后发现有以下具体因素:(1)学生因素:睡眠及运动时间不足、坐姿时间过长、缺乏体育锻炼意识、锻炼效果不明显等;(2)学校因素:校园体育安全保障制度缺失、体育教师师资结构单一且数量不够、体育场地器材设施维修及更新不及时、体育课运动量不足、课间操“千生一面”内容单一等;(3)家庭因素:缺乏体育锻炼氛围、“重智育轻体育”的现实因素、休闲娱乐方式不科学;(4)社会因素:应试教育与升学体制的现实因素、学校体育安全事故赔偿制度及社会保障制度的缺位、监管力度不够。3.改善温州市城区初中学生体质的对策主要有:进一步加强对学生体质健康问题的重视;加快学校体育安全事故赔偿责任制度与社会保障制度建设,明确责任主体;尽快把体育列入高考考试范围;加强学生体质相关政策、制度的监督与检查力度,尽快促成教育行政领导问责制度的建立,确保各项政策、制度落到实处;建立社会、学校、家庭、学生四位一体的全民健身体系,加大学生体质健康教育的宣传力度,建设更多的社区型体育健身俱乐部,尽快促成社会公共体育场馆向学生免费开放,确保学生充足的体育锻炼空间与资源。
[Abstract]:Junior middle school students are in the key stage of their physical and mental development. Their physique, as an important part of the national physique, has attracted much attention from all walks of life. Referring to the theoretical research paradigm of "physics, principle and human principle" of the system methodology, taking the junior middle school students, parents and physical education teachers in Wenzhou City as the objects of investigation, this paper empirically discusses the main factors that affect the physique of the junior middle school students in Wenzhou city. The comprehensive use of literature, comparative analysis, investigation, mathematical statistics of the specific methods, mainly around three issues: first, the contrast can truly reflect the city of Wenzhou in recent years, Zhejiang Province junior middle school students physique index data, rational positioning Wenzhou City junior middle school students physique level, that is, Wenzhou City junior middle school students physique status quo? Second, what are the main factors that affect the physical constitution of junior middle school students in Wenzhou City? Third, according to the main factors affecting the physical fitness of junior middle school students in Wenzhou City, to explore the coping strategies, put forward feasible suggestions. Through the above three aspects of thinking, The purpose of the study is to explore the main influencing factors, or core factors, among the many factors that affect the physique of junior middle school students in Wenzhou City. The results show that the main physique indexes of junior middle school students in Wenzhou City from 2011 to 2015 have the following characteristics: the development level of body morphology has been improved in varying degrees. However, there are still some problems, the proportion of female students is increasing year by year, the obesity ratio of male and female students is high, the overall physical function of male and female students is lower than the average level of Zhejiang Province, the situation of female students is more worrying than the average level of Zhejiang Province. The general decline of physical quality, especially the decline trend of endurance quality is more obvious .2.The main factors that affect the physique of junior middle school students in Wenzhou city are: student factor, school factor, family factor, social factor, The empirical analysis found that there are the following specific factors: lack of sleep and exercise time, too long sitting posture, lack of consciousness of physical exercise, lack of exercise effect and so on) school factors: lack of security system of campus physical education; The structure of PE teachers is single and the number is not enough, the maintenance and renewal of sports facilities and facilities are not timely, and the amount of physical education is insufficient. 3) Family factors: lack of physical training atmosphere, realistic factors of "attaching importance to intellectual education and light sports", and 4) social factors: practical factors of examination-oriented education and higher education system. The deficiency of school sports safety accident compensation system and social security system, the supervision is not enough. 3. The countermeasures to improve the students' physique in Wenzhou city are as follows: further strengthening the attention to students' physical health; To speed up the construction of the liability system and social security system for school sports safety accidents, to make clear the subject of responsibility, to include physical education in the scope of the college entrance examination as soon as possible, to strengthen the relevant policies on students' physique, and to strengthen the supervision and inspection of the system, To promote the establishment of the accountability system for educational administrative leaders as soon as possible, to ensure that all policies and systems are implemented, to establish a national fitness system that integrates society, schools, families and students, and to increase the publicity of students' physical and health education, More community sports fitness clubs should be built to open public sports venues to students free of charge, so as to ensure that students have sufficient physical exercise space and resources.
【学位授予单位】：温州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G804.49

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