城市化进程中城郊失地农民社会保障问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 07:08

本文选题：城市化　切入点：城郊失地农民　出处：《河南科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国工业化和城镇化的快速发展，工业部门和城市部门对土地的需求不断加大，使得城郊农民的集体土地被大量征用。又由于我国的征地仍然沿用计划经济时期的方法，以及城乡二元结构的存在，再加上地方政府对土地财政的依赖，还有城市中心可用于开发的土地持续减少，以上种种原因造成了城郊失地农民问题，失去土地保障的农民给社会的和谐稳定和经济的持续健康发展造成了威胁。洛阳是中原经济区的副中心城市，也是老工业基地，工业化和城市化的发展步伐不断加快，城郊失地农民的问题也越来越严重。本文根据调查来的数据以及经济学研究方法，以洛阳市城郊S乡L村失地农民为研究对象，从城乡二元结构、土地制度、征地制度、社会保障制度等方面入手，综合分析造成失地农民问题的原因，为该问题解决提供理论和实证依据。本文研究内容包括七个部分：第一部分为绪论，主要介绍了选题的背景、意义、必要性、目的、研究内容、研究方法、创新点、国内外研究现状、先进经验等。第二部分为城市化进程背景下失地农民问题的出现，根据美国地理学家诺瑟姆提出的S型曲线，将城镇化分为三个阶段，又根据我国不同历史时期和现状，把中国城镇化分为改革开放前的状况、改革开放后的状况、失地农民问题现状。第三部分为洛阳市S乡L村基本情况，介绍了村子的演变历史，位置、耕地面积、宅基地面积、人口、征地拆迁补偿标准等，就调查结果制成表格，分为就业/失业状况与家庭生活来源、失地农民的文化程度、村集体经济发展状况、村医疗及养老保障、村宅基地上房屋状况、村民对城郊村改造的态度。通过数据对比，就会掌握洛阳市城郊村的大概情况，发现失地农民确实急需政府出台政策保护，他们是弱势群体。第四部分为洛阳市S乡L村失地农民社会保障存在问题，有家庭生活保障问题、就业问题、养老及医疗保障问题。第五部分为失地农民社会保障问题的具体原因分析，从城乡二元结构、集体土地产权制度、土地征用制度、地方政府的土地财政依赖、就业扶持、社会保障制度六个方面来加以分析。第六部分为城郊失地农民社会保障问题对策和建议，主要从城乡一体化发展、给农村集体土地确权、完善集体土地征用制度、改革现有财税体制、加强失地农民就业培训服务及支持、建立针对失地农民的社会保障制度等六个方面提出建议。第七部分为结论。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization in our country, the demand for land in the industrial and urban sectors is increasing, which makes the collective land of suburban farmers be requisitioned in large quantities. The existence of the dual structure of urban and rural areas, the dependence of local governments on land finance, and the continuous reduction of land available for development in urban centres, all of these causes the problem of land-losing peasants in the suburbs. The peasants who have lost their land security have posed a threat to social harmony, stability and sustained and healthy economic development. Luoyang is a sub-central city of the Central Plains Economic Zone and an old industrial base. The pace of industrialization and urbanization has been accelerating. According to the investigation data and the method of economic research, this paper takes the land-lost peasants of L Village in the suburb of Luoyang City as the research object, from the dual structure of urban and rural areas, land system, land expropriation system, the urban and rural areas, land system, land expropriation system, urban and rural dual structure, land system, land expropriation system, Starting with the social security system, this paper comprehensively analyzes the causes of the problem of land-lost farmers, and provides theoretical and empirical basis for solving the problem. This paper includes seven parts:. The first part is the introduction, mainly introduces the background, significance, necessity, purpose, research content, research methods, innovation points, domestic and foreign research status, advanced experience and so on. The second part is the emergence of the problem of land-lost farmers under the background of urbanization. According to the S-shaped curve proposed by American geologist Northam, urbanization is divided into three stages, and according to different historical periods and current situation in China, The urbanization of China is divided into the situation before the reform and opening up, the situation after the reform and opening up, and the present situation of the land-lost peasants. The third part is the basic situation of L Village in S Township of Luoyang City. It introduces the evolution history, location, cultivated land area, homestead area, population, compensation standard of land requisition and demolition, etc. It is divided into employment / unemployment status and the source of family life, the education level of landless farmers, the development of village collective economy, village medical treatment and old-age security, the status of houses on the village homestead, and the villagers' attitude towards the transformation of suburban villages. They will know the general situation of the suburban villages in Luoyang City and find that landless farmers really need government policies to protect them. They are vulnerable groups. The 4th part is about the problems of the social security of the landless peasants in the L village of S Township in Luoyang City, including the problems of family life security, employment, old-age care and medical security. The 5th part analyzes the specific causes of the social security problems of landless farmers, from the dual structure of urban and rural areas, collective land property rights system, land expropriation system, local government land financial dependence, employment support, Social security system to be analyzed in six aspects. The 6th part is the countermeasures and suggestions for the social security of the peasants who have lost their land in the suburbs. It mainly develops from the integration of urban and rural areas, ascertains the right to collective land in rural areas, consummates the system of expropriation of collective land, and reforms the existing financial and taxation system. To strengthen employment training service and support for landless farmers and to establish social security system for landless farmers, six suggestions are put forward. Part 7th is the conclusion.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F323.89

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