新型城镇化视野下“三农”问题的解决对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 17:40

本文选题：新型城镇化　切入点：“三农”问题　出处：《河北师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：“20亿农民站在工业文明的入口处,这就是在20世纪下半叶当今世界向社会科学提出的主要问题。”蒙德拉斯———法国著名的社会学家,1957年他在《农民的终结》一书中向全世界社科学界提出了这样的问题。距离蒙德拉斯提出问题已经过去半个多世纪了,中国仍然有数亿的农民站在工业文明和城镇化的门口,所以我们可以看出,中国的问题是发展的问题,而解决发展问题的核心就是解决“三农”问题——农业、农村、农民。“三农”问题想要得到解决,办法不在“农”,而在“工”,只有伴随着工业的发展,城镇化的增长,农民的经济来源由农牧转向工商,居住地由农村转向城镇,身份由农民转向市民,“三农问题”才可以说得到了根本的解决,整个中国的经济社会转型才可以说获得了成功。笔者在本文中意图在新型城镇化的视野下,针对我国的“三农”问题,分析问题原因,提出解决问题的方式方法,希望能够丰富相关研究,为解决“三农”问题尽自己的绵薄之力。在内容上,本文第一部分对新型城镇化及“三农”问题进行了理论概述,简要说明了新型城镇化的内涵、特征以及马克思主义经典作家对于城市化的理论探索,然后对“三农”问题进行了内涵解析,分析了“三农”问题产生的原因,然后对新型城镇化在解决“三农”问题中的意义进行了一定的阐明;在第二部分当中本文对当前我国“三农问题”的表现及其成因进行了探讨,本文认为“三农”问题的表现主要有以下几个方面:农业转移人口呈现“半城镇化”状态、农用地的流转和规模经营的问题、土地城镇化快于人口城镇化等,成因则是土地制度不完善、城乡二元结构的体制障碍、农民工自身素质的局限等,为之后有针对性的提出对策和建议提供了线索;文章第三部分则是研究从新型城镇化视域下解决中国“三农”问题的新举措,本章将解决“三农”问题的措施分为国家宏观政策层面和基层政府层面,在宏观政策层面上主要有推动城镇化建设由速度扩张向质量提升“转型”、完善失地农民社会保障体系、推进户籍改革等三个方面,基层政府层面上则主要是加强农民工的教育培训、推进农村土地合理合法流转、推进农业产业化、适度支持小城镇发展等,通过这些对策的提出以期更好的解决“三农”问题。
[Abstract]:"2 billion farmers stood at the entrance to industrial civilization, which was the main problem that the world posed to the social sciences in the second half of the 20th century."Mondras-French sociologist who, in 1957, asked such questions to the world's social sciences in the end of Peasants.More than half a century has passed since Monderas raised the question, and hundreds of millions of Chinese farmers still stand at the door of industrial civilization and urbanization, so we can see that China's problem is one of development.The core of the development problem is to solve the "three rural" problems-agriculture, rural areas, farmers.The solution to the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" lies not in "agriculture", but in "industry". Only with the development of industry and the growth of urbanization, the peasants' economic resources have shifted from farming and animal husbandry to industry and commerce, and the place of residence from the countryside to the cities and towns.Only when the identity changes from farmer to citizen, the "three rural issues" can be fundamentally solved, and the whole economic and social transformation of China can be said to be successful.In this paper, the author intends to analyze the causes of the problems in view of the new urbanization, aiming at the problems of agriculture, countryside and farmers in China, and puts forward the ways and means to solve the problems, hoping to enrich the relevant research.In order to solve the "three rural" problems to do their utmost.In content, the first part of this paper gives a theoretical overview of the new urbanization and the problems of agriculture, countryside and farmers, and briefly explains the connotation and characteristics of the new urbanization, as well as the theoretical exploration of urbanization by the classical Marxist writers.Then it analyzes the connotation of the "three rural" problems, analyzes the causes of the "three rural" problems, and then expounds the significance of the new urbanization in solving the "three rural" problems;In the second part, this paper discusses the performance and causes of the "three rural issues" in our country. This paper holds that the performance of the "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" problems mainly includes the following aspects: the agricultural transfer population presents a "semi-urbanization" state.The problems of agricultural land circulation and scale management, the urbanization of land is faster than the urbanization of population, and the causes are the imperfection of land system, the system obstacle of urban-rural dual structure, the limitation of peasant workers' own quality, etc.The third part of the article is to study the new measures to solve the problem of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" in China from the perspective of new urbanization.In this chapter, the measures to solve the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" are divided into the national macro policy level and the grass-roots government level. At the macro policy level, it mainly promotes the urbanization construction from the speed expansion to the quality improvement "transition".To improve the social security system of landless farmers, to promote the reform of household registration, and to strengthen the education and training of migrant workers at the grass-roots level, to promote the rational and legal circulation of rural land, and to promote the industrialization of agriculture,To support the development of small towns and so on, to solve the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers through these countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D422.6

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