绝对贫困人口健康收入效应及卫生服务利用研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 09:21

本文选题：绝对贫困 + 健康资本　；参考：《华中师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：格罗斯曼提出,健康是一种可以通过投资来增加存量的资本。通过对健康资本的投资,可以增加劳动时间和劳动能力从而提高个人工资收入,反之,较高的收入也能更多地购买医疗保健等服务,获得更多的健康资本。在过去的研究中,对贫困人口经济状况的影响因素以及作用机制研究日新月异,获得了丰富成果。而对于健康与收入之间的关系,在贫困人口为研究对象的学术成果中一般以低收入对健康水平和医疗卫生服务利用的影响这一视角为主。健康作为获得劳动能力的基本要素,其致贫作用是显而易见的,但是经文献检索发现,其对贫困人口这一特定群体的影响作用的研究并不充分且已有成果相对陈旧。据2015年末国家卫计委最新统计信息,我国现有7000多万贫困人口中,因病致贫、因病返贫人口占到近3000万。疾病已经成为横亘在贫困人口脱贫路上最大的“拦路虎”。2016年初国家卫生计生委第76次委主任会议通过的《2016年卫生计生工作要点》明确提出了“健康扶贫”工作安排,为提高各界对贫困人口健康的关注提供了政策激励。保障贫困人群的健康,实施针对性卫生政策倾斜,是贫困治理的有力工具,也是今后我国扶贫工作的政策焦点之一。基于上述社会背景和政策环境,本文得以提出在健康资本视角下对绝对贫困人口健康状况以及卫生服务利用情况进行研究的主题,旨在为该特殊群体的针对性卫生政策提出合理参考建议。为证明健康资本对绝对贫困人口经济状况改善的重要作用,以佐证针对性卫生政策在扶贫工作中的重要地位,本文以收入在2011年绝对贫困线下的群体为研究对象,采用中国健康与营养调查数据库(文中以CHNS缩写代替)2014年梳理版为数据来源,通过描述性统计、相关性分析、回归分析等定量研究方法来对比健康对贫困人口和非贫困人口经济状况(以年净收入为代表)的影响,明确健康对贫困人口具有更加显著的收入影响,经过稳健性检验,最终得出结论：健康对于贫困人口的收入具有更为重要的意义,在扶贫开发、教育投资与社会保障之外,贫困治理政策应当对贫困人口的健康状况改善给予更多的公共政策关照。卫生服务利用是对健康起着最关键影响的外界因素,也是健康资本投资的最重要形式。通过CHNS数据库中关于是否就诊,就诊机构、医疗费用、医保报销比例以及卫生保健服务利用情况的数据,对贫困线下与线上群体、贫困人群城乡间进行对比,得出绝对贫困群体在卫生服务利用中的状况与问题。最后基于以上研究结论,就如何提高贫困人口健康状况从个人行为层面以及政府政策层面提出可行性政策建议。
[Abstract]:Grossman argues that health is a kind of capital that can be invested to increase stocks. By investing in health capital, we can increase the working hours and labor ability and thus increase the personal wage income. Conversely, the higher income can also buy more health care and other services, and obtain more health capital. In the past studies, the research on the influencing factors and the mechanism of the economic situation of the poor population has been changing with each passing day, and has obtained rich results. For the relationship between health and income, the impact of low income on health level and the utilization of medical and health services is the main point of view in the academic achievements of poor people. Health, as a basic factor of obtaining labor ability, is obvious in its effect on poverty, but through literature retrieval, it is found that the research on the effect of health on this particular group of poor population is not sufficient and the results are relatively old. According to the latest statistics of the State Health and Family Planning Commission at the end of 2015, out of more than 70 million poor people in China, the number of people suffering from illness causes poverty and the number of people returning to poverty due to illness accounts for nearly 30 million. Disease has become the biggest obstacle to poverty eradication among the poor. The main points of Health and Family Planning work in 2016, adopted at the 76th meeting of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, clearly put forward the work arrangement of "helping the poor by health." In order to improve the health of the poor population to provide policy incentives. To protect the health of the poor and to carry out targeted health policies is a powerful tool for poverty management and one of the policy focuses of poverty alleviation in China in the future. Based on the above social background and policy environment, this paper is able to put forward the theme of the research on the health status and the utilization of health services of the population living in absolute poverty from the perspective of health capital. The aim of this paper is to put forward reasonable reference suggestions for the specific health policy of this special group. In order to prove the important role of health capital in improving the economic situation of the people living in absolute poverty, and to prove the importance of targeted health policies in poverty alleviation, this paper takes the group whose income is below the absolute poverty line in 2011 as the research object. Using the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey Database (replaced by CHNS acronym) as the data source in 2014, through descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, Regression analysis and other quantitative research methods are used to compare the impact of health on the economic status of poor and non-poor people (represented by annual net income). It is clear that health has a more significant impact on the income of poor people. Finally, it is concluded that health is of greater significance to the income of the poor, in addition to poverty alleviation and development, investment in education and social security, Poverty management policies should pay more attention to the health of the poor. The utilization of health services is the most important external factor and the most important form of health capital investment. Based on the data from CHNS database on whether to see a doctor, to see a doctor, to see a doctor, to see a doctor, to pay medical expenses, to reimburse the proportion of medical insurance and the utilization of health care service, to compare the poverty line with the online group and the poor people in urban and rural areas. The situation and problems of the utilization of health services for the absolute poor groups are obtained. Finally, based on the above conclusions, the author puts forward feasible policy suggestions on how to improve the health status of the poor population from the level of individual behavior and government policy.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R197.1

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