基于村庄乡土知识的耕地质量评价与耕地价值评估研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 11:59

本文选题：乡土知识 + 耕地质量评价　；参考：《山西大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：农民作为耕地的使用者和维护者,耕地质量评价乡土知识丰富,加上我国城乡二元化,农村社会保障并不完善的背景,农民也是最需要耕地、耕地保护意愿最迫切的群体。因此,挖掘、整理、利用耕地质量评价方面的乡土知识,开展耕地对农民的价值研究不仅对于耕地保护工作具有重要的意义,而且可以为我国的耕地资源管理、土地征收制度改革等工作拓展视野并提供新的思路。各村庄均有"专属"的耕地质量评价结果,但由于环境局限性其结果并不能直接推广到更大的范围或其他区域。鉴于此,本研究以宁武县恢河沿岸的黄土丘陵区为例,整理、提炼并利用耕地质量评价方面的乡土知识,形成基于村庄乡土知识的耕地质量评价指标体系,对研究区的耕地质量进行评价。定级成果将研究区耕地质量分为四级,其中:一级地815.31 hm~2,占全区耕地的24.94%,位于河流、湖泊沿岸或者地势较低、土层较厚的地带,水分条件良好;二级地1086.03 hm~2,占全区耕地的33.22%,位于研究区中部及西部地势相对平坦的区域;三级地825.79 hm~2,占全区耕地的25.26%,主要分布在研究区东部,多处于缓坡地带;四级地542.25 hm~2,占全区耕地的16.59%,散布在各村庄,主要分布在坡度较大、海拔相对较高、土壤耕层较薄的丘陵区。研究认为:(1)耕地质量评价乡土知识应该收集、提炼和利用;(2)基于村庄乡土知识的耕地质量评价方法可用于区域耕地质量评价,其成果不仅符合当地的自然、经济、社会实际,实践性更强,且比常规的方法更便捷、准确,也可为今后我国的耕地质量评价提供新的视角和方法。基于研究区耕地质量评价的结果,结合调查分析进行耕地对研究区村民的价值研究。研究认为:(1)耕地对研究区村民的功能主要表现在四个方面:直接的经济收益、基本的生活保障、就业保障、社会稳定。研究区耕地的总价值为96629.42万元,其中经济价值为19088.92万元,占耕地总价值的19.75%;基本生活保障价值为16173.83万元,占耕地总价值的16.74%;就业保障价值为44801.29万元,占耕地总价值的46.36%;社会稳定价值为16262.38万元,占耕地总价值的17.14%。由此可见,对村民而言,研究区的耕地社会保障价值对村民的日常生活起着不容忽视的作用。综上所述,耕地质量评价以及耕地的价值问题一直是学者们争论和研究的课题,从不同的视角,采用不同的方法开展研究很有必要。基于村庄乡土知识的耕地质量评价方法为今后我国的耕地质量评价工作提供了新的视角和研究方法;开展耕地对当地村民的价值研究也为我国研究农地制度提供了一个新的认识视角和分析框架。
[Abstract]:As the users and maintainers of cultivated land, farmers are rich in knowledge of cultivated land quality evaluation, coupled with the dualization of urban and rural areas, rural social security is not perfect background, farmers are most in need of arable land, arable land protection is the most urgent group. Therefore, it is of great significance not only for the protection of cultivated land, but also for the management of cultivated land resources to excavate, sort out, utilize the local knowledge of cultivated land quality evaluation, and carry out the research on the value of cultivated land to farmers. Land expropriation system reform and other work to expand the vision and provide new ideas. All villages have "exclusive" cultivated land quality evaluation results, but due to environmental limitations, the results can not be directly extended to a larger scope or other areas. In view of this, this study takes the loess hilly area along the Huihe River in Ningwu County as an example, collates, refines and utilizes the local knowledge in the evaluation of cultivated land quality, and forms an evaluation index system of cultivated land quality based on village local knowledge. The quality of cultivated land in the study area was evaluated. The quality of cultivated land in the study area was divided into four grades. Among them, the first grade land was 815.31 h ~ (-2), accounting for 24.94% of the cultivated land in the whole area. It was located along the banks of rivers, lakes or on the lower and thicker soil layers, and the water condition was good. The second grade land (1086.03 hmm2), accounting for 33.22% of the cultivated land in the whole area, is located in the relatively flat area in the central and western part of the study area, and the third grade land (825.79 hmm2), accounting for 25.26% of the cultivated land in the whole area, is mainly distributed in the eastern part of the study area, most of which are located in the gentle sloping land zone. The fourth grade land is 542.25 h ~ (-2), accounting for 16.59% of the cultivated land in the whole area. It is scattered in every village, mainly in the hilly area where the slope is relatively high, the altitude is relatively high, and the soil tilling layer is thin. The study shows that the local knowledge should be collected, refined and utilized in the evaluation of cultivated land quality. 2) the evaluation method of cultivated land quality based on village local knowledge can be used to evaluate the quality of regional cultivated land, and the results are not only in line with the local natural, economic and social realities. It is more practical, more convenient and more accurate than the conventional methods. It can also provide a new perspective and method for the evaluation of cultivated land quality in China in the future. Based on the evaluation results of cultivated land quality in the study area, the value of cultivated land to villagers in the study area was studied by means of investigation and analysis. It is concluded that the function of cultivated land to villagers in the study area is mainly manifested in four aspects: direct economic benefits, basic life security, employment security and social stability. The total value of cultivated land in the study area is 966.2942 million yuan, of which the economic value is 190.8892 million yuan, which accounts for 19.75 yuan of the total value of cultivated land; the basic living security value is 161.7383 million yuan, accounting for 16.74 yuan of the total value of cultivated land; and the employment security value is 448.0129 million yuan. The value of social stability is 162.6238 million yuan, accounting for 17.14% of the total value of cultivated land. Therefore, for the villagers, the social security value of cultivated land plays an important role in the villagers' daily life. To sum up, the evaluation of cultivated land quality and the value of cultivated land have always been debated and studied by scholars. It is necessary to use different methods to carry out the research from different perspectives. The evaluation method of cultivated land quality based on village local knowledge provides a new perspective and research method for the evaluation of cultivated land quality in China in the future. The research on the value of cultivated land to local villagers also provides a new perspective and analysis framework for the study of farmland system in China.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F323.211

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