长春公交集团内部价值链优化研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 09:20

本文选题：公共运输 + 价值链管理　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放特别是近二十年以来,伴随着城镇化的迅速发展、民众需求的增长以及改善环境、节约能源等多方面的诉求,国务院有关部委围绕城市公共交通的发展出台了多个意见,如国家建设部、发改委、财政部、劳动和社会保障部四部委《关于优先发展城市公共交通若干经济政策的意见》(建城[2006]288号)、《国务院关于城市优先发展公共交通的指导意见》(国发[2012]64号)等文件,把优先发展城市公共交通放在了城市发展的重要战略位置。在此背景下,城市公共交通迅速发展。以满足大众日常交通出行需要为出发点,公共交通在定价上实施了大众消费水平的低定价,成为了公益性质的服务业。为确保公交系统的正常运转,国家对公交企业实行“无条件兜底政策”,进行巨额补贴。然而,此举虽然大大减轻了公交企业的生产经营压力,却造成了公交企业社会效益得到满足、经济效益日益下降的局面。在财政无条件兜底情况下,公交企业运营效率低下,服务水平难以提升。资源浪费严重,内耗中亏损加大等问题日益突出,给国家财政造成较大的压力。另一方面,伴随着我国综合国力的不断提升和我国居民生活水平的不断提升,我国群众对于公交、地铁、航空公司等交通运输服务行业的消费服务需求也呈现出了新的特点。伴随着生活节奏的变快和生活水平的提升,百姓对公交这种交通运输服务的要求也在逐渐提升,对于服务的质量呈现出了更高的要求和更多样化的需求。因此,为了迎合时代的发展,满足大众消费者的新式需求,公交企业有必要不断提升自身服务能力和综合竞争力。对于构成企业价值链的各个单元、各个活动来说,拆分得越清晰我们就越清楚创造企业价值的各个单元、各个活动之间的关系,从而帮助企业提升综合竞争力。基于以上分析,本文得出对公交运输企业的价值链进行分析是非常具有研究价值的。但是,公交企业基本价值活动不同于制造企业,一定要切实结合公交行业资深的独特属性,从其自身角度出发对其企业价值链进行搭建,从而切实了解企业生产运营流转过程中各个链条的价值优劣势,有的放矢地对内部价值系统进行系统性优化和升级。本文以长春公交集团这一实体作为研究的主要对象,通过对长春公交集团内部价值链的各个链条环节运作现状进行深入了解和剖析,发现其中存在的问题以及导致问题存在的具体原因,并结合自身所学对问题的解决提出具体的优化对策和方案,致力于使长春公交集团在满足社会效益的同时,尽量提升自身综合运营服务能力,努力实现经济效益最大化,兼顾股东的利益并尽量减轻国家经济负担。也希望由此可以促进长春公交行业总体管理水平的提高,最终实现持续、健康发展的目的。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, especially in the past two decades, with the rapid development of urbanization, the growth of people's demand and the demands of improving the environment and saving energy, and so on, The relevant ministries and commissions of the State Council have issued several opinions on the development of urban public transport, such as the Ministry of Construction, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, Opinions of the four Ministries of the Ministry of Labor and Social Security on some Economic policies on giving priority to the Development of Urban Public Transport (Founding of the City [2006] 288, and the State Council's guiding opinion on giving priority to Urban Development of Public Transport) (Guofa [2012] 64), and other documents, Giving priority to the development of urban public transport is an important strategic position of urban development. Under this background, urban public transportation develops rapidly. In order to meet the daily travel needs of the public, public transport has implemented the low pricing of the mass consumption level in pricing, which has become the service industry of commonweal nature. In order to ensure the normal operation of the public transport system, the state carries out "unconditional bottom-pocketing policy" for public transport enterprises and carries out huge subsidies. However, although this has greatly reduced the pressure on the production and management of public transport enterprises, it has resulted in a situation in which the social benefits of public transport enterprises are satisfied and the economic benefits are declining day by day. In the case of unconditional financial situation, the operation efficiency of public transport enterprises is low, and the service level is difficult to improve. The serious waste of resources and the increasing loss in internal friction are becoming more and more serious and exert great pressure on the national finance. On the other hand, with the continuous improvement of China's comprehensive national strength and the continuous improvement of the living standards of Chinese residents, the consumer service demand of the mass transit, subway, airline and other transportation service industries has also shown new characteristics. With the rapid pace of life and the improvement of living standards, people's requirements for public transport services are also gradually rising, for the quality of service has shown a higher demand and more diversified demand. Therefore, in order to meet the development of the times and meet the new needs of mass consumers, it is necessary for public transport enterprises to continuously improve their service capacity and comprehensive competitiveness. For each unit of the enterprise value chain, each activity, the more clearly we split it, the more clearly we will know the various units that create the value of the enterprise, the relationship between the various activities, thus helping the enterprise to enhance its comprehensive competitiveness. Based on the above analysis, this paper concludes that the analysis of the value chain of public transport enterprises is of great value. However, the basic value activities of public transport enterprises are different from those of manufacturing enterprises. It is necessary to combine the unique attributes of the senior public transport industry and build the enterprise value chain from its own point of view. In order to understand the value advantages and disadvantages of each chain in the process of production and operation circulation, the internal value system is systematically optimized and upgraded. This paper takes Changchun Public Transport Group as the main object of study, through in-depth understanding and analysis of the operating status of each chain of the internal value chain of Changchun Public Transport Group. Find out the existing problems and the specific causes of the problems, and combine with their own learning to solve the problem to put forward specific optimization strategies and programs, committed to make Changchun Public Transport Group to meet the social benefits at the same time, We should try our best to improve our comprehensive operation and service ability, make great efforts to maximize economic benefits, give consideration to the interests of shareholders and lighten the national economic burden as far as possible. It is also hoped that this will promote the improvement of the overall management level of Changchun bus industry, and finally achieve the goal of sustained and healthy development.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F572.6;F570.5

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