对话与成长：城市流浪儿童机构救助的社会工作介入研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 12:57

本文选题：流浪儿童 + 机构救助　；参考：《南京大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：流浪儿童作为特殊的弱势群体,其生存环境通常呈现出复杂性与艰苦性的特征,公办机构是儿童救助保护的重要力量。国内关于流浪儿童机构救助的研究主要集中在社会福利、社会排斥、社会保障等层面,尚且没有学者从哲学视角探讨流浪儿童的机构救助工作。本文以流浪儿童及其救助机构的社会工作服务为研究对象,通过对NJ市救助管理站流浪未成年人保护中心和机构内流浪儿童的深入调查和分析,将巴赫金对话理论与社会工作专业理论相结合,分析讨论流浪儿童的需要、流浪儿童机构救助的现状、社会工作介入流浪儿童机构救助的必要性、可行性与具体运行机制,从而为今后的流浪儿童救助工作提供理论借鉴和实践指导。流浪儿童机构救助工作既需要公办机构的专业服务,也需要从流浪儿童自身出发,真正了解他们的需要,提供有针对性的社会工作服务。本文运用个案分析法、访谈法、文献法相结合的研究方法,对NJ市救助管理站的流浪儿童和工作人员进行调查研究。调查显示,社会工作服务的介入能够有效改变流浪儿童的对话方式、弥补传统机构救助服务的不足,但同时也面临着介入资源有限、服务缺乏持续性和本土化不足的困境。在此基础上,笔者结合巴赫金对话理论提出改善流浪儿童救助工作的对策建议,即通过社会工作者与流浪儿童及其各层级社会系统展开对话,以此构建新型对话服务模式、互动对话式的儿童救助保护体系和本土社会工作服务体系。研究显示,对话导向的社会工作介入服务不仅能有效提升流浪儿童机构救助的效率,同时还可以通过主体间性的对话服务方式增强流浪儿童的对话意识与对话能力,融洽他们与各级社会系统的互动关系,构建和谐、互助、共赢的人际关系,最终实现全方位多层次的对话型儿童保护服务体系。巴赫金对话理论涵盖着话语权、对话方式与对话能力三个方面的价值建构,对话型的救助服务要求工作者从这三个价值观出发,通过话语赋权、改善沟通方式和对话能力提升,真正了解流浪儿童的需要,分析、评估流浪儿童面临的问题,从而更有效地解决问题,实现流浪儿童的成长和发展。巴赫金对话理论与社会工作的价值理念、工作方法、专业功能相互契合,其蕴含的人文主义、人际主义和人本精神可以为社会工作理论的发展提供有利借鉴。通过本研究,笔者期望流浪儿童机构救助工作能够重视社会工作的介入,改善社会工作介入的问题与不足,发展更科学、更合理的救助模式,也希望通过流浪儿童主体性和对话性的发挥,以个人的内在动力促进救助工作的开展,这不仅是生存方式的改变,也将促进流浪儿童自身多方面的发展。
[Abstract]:As a special vulnerable group, the living environment of street children usually presents the characteristics of complexity and hardship. Domestic research on institutional assistance for street children mainly focuses on social welfare, social exclusion, social security, and so on. There are no scholars from a philosophical perspective to explore the institutional relief of street children. This paper takes the social work service of street children and its relief institutions as the research object, through the in-depth investigation and analysis of the street children's protection centers and institutions in NJ city rescue and management station. Combining Bakhtin's dialogue theory with the professional theory of social work, this paper analyzes and discusses the needs of street children, the present situation of institutional assistance for street children, the necessity, feasibility and concrete operating mechanism of social work intervention in the institutional rescue of street children. So as to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for the future relief work of street children. The relief work of street children needs not only the professional services of public agencies, but also the needs of street children themselves, so as to provide targeted social work services. By using the method of case analysis, interview and literature, this paper investigates the street children and staff in NJ city rescue management station. The investigation shows that the intervention of social work service can effectively change the dialogue mode of street children and make up for the insufficiency of traditional institutional assistance services. But at the same time, it also faces the dilemma of limited intervention resources, lack of continuity and localization of services. On this basis, based on Bakhtin's dialogue theory, the author puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the relief work of street children, that is, through social workers and street children and their various social systems to start a dialogue, so as to build a new model of dialogue services. Interactive dialogue-based child assistance and protection system and local social work service system. The research shows that the dialogue-oriented social work intervention service can not only effectively enhance the efficiency of institutional assistance for street children, but also enhance the dialogue awareness and ability of street children through inter-subjectivity dialogue services. Harmony between them and the social system at all levels of interaction, to build a harmonious, mutual help, win-win interpersonal relationship, and ultimately achieve a comprehensive multi-level child protection services system. Bakhtin's dialogue theory covers the value construction of three aspects: the right of speech, the way of dialogue and the ability of dialogue. The relief service for discourse requires workers to start from these three values and improve their communication mode and ability through discourse empowerment. To understand the needs of street children, analyze and evaluate the problems faced by street children, so as to solve the problems more effectively and realize the growth and development of street children. Bakhtin's dialogue theory and social work's value concept, working method and professional function agree with each other. The humanistic, interpersonal and humanistic spirit contained in Bakhtin's dialogue theory can provide beneficial reference for the development of social work theory. Through this study, the author hopes that the aid work of street children can pay attention to the intervention of social work, improve the problems and shortcomings of social work intervention, and develop a more scientific and reasonable relief mode. It is also hoped that through the subjectivity and dialogue of street children, the development of relief work will be promoted by the internal power of the individual, which is not only the change of the way of life, but also the development of many aspects of the street children themselves.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：C913.5

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