我国社会保障水平综合评价研究

发布时间：2018-09-13 15:39

【摘要】：社会保障与人们的生存和发展息息相关，是当今社会运行和发展的“安全网”和“稳定器”。随着经济体制改革和对外开放政策的不断深入，我国经济以前所未有的速度发展，社会保障也获得全面发展，基本建立了适应社会主义市场经济秩序的社会保障制度。社会保障水平是社会保障的关键因素，是体现社会保障程度的指标，它以量化指标的形式来衡量和评价一个国家的社会保障制度自身内部机能的运行状况，对于社会保障制度的建立、运行和完善有着十分重要的作用。目前国内主要对社会保障水平进行定性研究，少数对社会保障水平定量研究主要还是停留在理论上，对我国社会保障建设缺乏实践意义。为此，本文回顾了前人在社会保障适度水平问题上的已有研究成果，在吸收和继承一些专家和学者研究成果的基础上，确定了我国社会保障水平综合评价的因子分析模型，通过聚类分析把我国各地区社会保障水平分为四大类。并根据我国社会保障水平现状，对我国城镇居民最低生活保障水平建立数学模型，定量研究我国城镇低保制度实施过程中遇到的困难，解决了最低生活保障水平和低保户的确定问题，对如何根据低保户家庭情况实施分类施保提出了解决方案，通过数学建模提出了中央政府低保财政支出资金在全国各个省市科学合理分配的方法。本文首先通过对全国30个省市社会保障水平样本进行了实证分析，并对社会保障水平区域差异产生的原因进行了探索；最后依据分析结果，为我国不同区域设计了相应的社会保障发展对策：一类和二类地区人口老龄化趋势和农民工社会保障制度不完善等问题比较明显，，应提高统筹层次和扩大覆盖面，优先建立企业年金制度；三类地区包括的是中，西部省市，主要问题是出现个人账户做实问题，因此应该正确处理个人账户有关问题；三类地区包括欠发达省市，经济发展水平低，因此在建立农村养老保障制度的基础下，加大政府的财政责任。对于城镇最低生活保障制度应该采用科学可行的方法实施分类施保。在具体分析各区域的社会保障事业的发展策略后，提出了通过建立规范的社会保障转移支付制度来缩小区域差异的策略。
[Abstract]:Social security is closely related to people's survival and development, and is the "safety net" and "stabilizer" of social operation and development. With the deepening of the reform of economic system and the policy of opening to the outside world, China's economy is developing at an unprecedented speed, and the social security system has been developed in an all-round way, and a social security system adapted to the order of the socialist market economy has basically been established. The level of social security is a key factor of social security and an indicator of the degree of social security. It measures and evaluates the internal function of a country's social security system in the form of quantitative indicators. For the establishment, operation and improvement of social security system has a very important role. At present, the qualitative research on the social security level is mainly carried out in our country, while a few quantitative studies on the social security level remain in theory, which is lack of practical significance for the construction of social security in our country. Therefore, this paper reviews the previous research achievements on the moderate level of social security. On the basis of absorbing and inheriting the research results of some experts and scholars, this paper determines the factor analysis model for the comprehensive evaluation of social security level in China. Through cluster analysis, the social security level in various regions of China is divided into four categories. According to the present situation of the social security level in China, the mathematical model of the minimum living security level of the urban residents in China is established, and the difficulties encountered in the implementation of the minimum living security system in the cities and towns in China are studied quantitatively. It solves the problem of determining the minimum living security level and the low insured household, and puts forward the solution to how to carry out the classified insurance according to the situation of the low insured family. Through mathematical modeling, a scientific and reasonable allocation method of the central government's minimum guaranteed financial expenditure funds in all provinces and cities of the country is put forward. This paper firstly analyzes the social security level samples of 30 provinces and cities in China, and explores the causes of the regional differences in the social security level; finally, based on the results of the analysis, The corresponding social security development countermeasures are designed for different regions of China: the aging trend of population and the imperfect social security system of migrant workers in one and two regions are obvious, so the overall planning level should be raised and the coverage should be expanded. Priority is given to the establishment of an enterprise annuity system; the three types of regions include the central and western provinces and cities. The main problem is the problem of individual account fulfillment, so we should deal with the relevant problems of personal accounts correctly. The three types of regions include less developed provinces and cities. The level of economic development is low, so on the basis of establishing rural old-age security system, increase the government's financial responsibility. The urban minimum living security system should adopt scientific and feasible method to carry out classified insurance. After analyzing the development strategies of social security in various regions, the paper puts forward the strategy of narrowing regional differences by establishing a standardized social security transfer payment system.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F842.6;F224

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