分化、竞争与压力的代际传递——对农村老年人自杀现象的理解

发布时间：2019-01-21 07:32

【摘要】：从分化、竞争与社会压力的代际转移和传递分析了农村老年人自杀现象。通过实际调查,阐析了农村由于农民分化而带来的社会占有的不平等和资源分配的不均衡,无论哪个阶层的农民都不会养尊处优;同时,农村社会性竞争的特征总体呈高度竞争态势和阶梯性,且无退出机制,年轻人快速地逃离村庄进城务工。由于村庄竞争往往与农民的人生任务捆绑在一起,使得中下层家庭竞争的压力容易转移并集中到中年人身上,中年人的负担和压力通过代际责任传递到了老年人身上,一旦老年人不能创造价值、无法自理及生病之后,老年人就成了子代的纯负担和累赘,就很容易在子代挤压和老年人为子代着想的合力下走向自杀。提倡将老年人从子代竞争中抽离出来,变家庭养老为社会养老,在新农保的政策下,确保农村老年人的生活和希望。
[Abstract]:This paper analyzes the suicide phenomenon of the elderly in rural areas from the perspective of differentiation, competition and intergenerational transfer and transmission of social pressure. Through the actual investigation, this paper analyzes the inequality of social occupation and the imbalance of resource distribution brought about by the differentiation of peasants in rural areas. At the same time, the characteristics of rural social competition are generally highly competitive and ladder, and there is no exit mechanism, young people quickly fled the village to work in cities. Because village competition is often tied up with farmers' life tasks, the pressure of competition in middle and lower families is easily transferred and concentrated on middle-aged people, and the burden and pressure of middle-aged people is passed on to the elderly through intergenerational responsibilities. Once the elderly can not create value, can not take care of themselves and become sick, the elderly become the pure burden and burden of the offspring, and it is easy for them to commit suicide under the combined force of squeezing and thinking for their children. In order to ensure the life and hope of the elderly in the countryside under the policy of new rural insurance, it is advocated that the old people should be separated from the competition of their offspring, and the family pension should be changed into the society for the aged.
【作者单位】：华中科技大学马克思主义学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目资助(14YJC840009)
【分类号】：D669.6

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