基于地区和社区视角下老年健康与不平等的实证分析

发布时间：2018-06-10 10:20

本文选题：地区和社区 + 老年健康　；参考：《人口学刊》2017年02期

【摘要】：随着人口老龄化进程的加速,老年健康成为学界关注的一大领域。探究老年健康不平等及其影响机理,准确理解老年人健康指标的变化趋势,对于实现健康老龄化的目标具有积极的意义。本文采用中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)数据,运用分层线性模型考察老年人健康水平的影响因素和群际差异。本文还利用SF-36量表,基于主成分分析方法构建涵盖主客观健康指标,在地区和社区层面重点探究教育程度、个人收入等因素对于健康不平等的影响机理。分析结果显示,个人和家庭的社会经济条件对于老年健康有积极的作用,物质资源越丰富的老人越健康;地区层面,经济发展给健康带来了正向的外部性,经济越发达老年人健康指数越高;社区层面,老年人生活的社区经济水平越高,其健康水平分化越严重。从受教育水平来看,老年健康体现为社区层面"低度平均,高度不均",个体层面"低度不均,高度平均",收入水平在个体层面和社区层面产生了相反的影响。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of population aging, elderly health has become a major area of concern. It is of positive significance to explore the health inequality of the elderly and its influence mechanism, and to understand the change trend of the health index of the elderly accurately in order to realize the goal of healthy aging. In this paper, the data of China Health and Retirement inventory (CHARLS) were used to investigate the influencing factors and inter-group differences in the health level of the elderly by using a stratified linear model. This paper also uses SF-36 scale, based on principal component analysis method to construct subjective and objective health indicators, focusing on the regional and community level of education, personal income and other factors on the impact of health inequality mechanism. The results show that the social and economic conditions of individuals and families play a positive role in the health of the elderly, the richer the material resources, the healthier the elderly, and the positive externalities brought by economic development to health at the regional level. The higher the economic development, the higher the health index of the elderly, and the higher the community economic level, the more serious the differentiation of the health level of the elderly. From the level of education, the health of the elderly is reflected as "low average, highly uneven" at the community level, "low uneven and highly average" at the individual level, and the income level has the opposite effect on the individual level and the community level.
【作者单位】：北京大学社会学系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金:健康老龄化——老年人口健康影响因素及有效干预的基础科学问题研究(71490732) 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目:实现人口经济社会健康老龄化的对策研究(16JJD840004)
【分类号】：C913.6

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