伊斯兰革命后伊朗妇女就业问题新论

发布时间：2018-06-16 09:53

本文选题：伊朗 + 妇女　；参考：《世界民族》2017年01期

【摘要】：伊朗伊斯兰革命后,妇女的形象与行为与宗教及民族文化认同高度关联在一起。而伊朗妇女就业在革命后初期既受到了激进民族主义和宗教情绪的影响,也遭到了经济危机的沉重打击。伊朗社会一直处于动态的变化之中。虽然妇女的劳动参与程度在伊斯兰革命后初期一度大幅度减退,但是在20世纪90年代之后,伴随着城市化的进程,伊朗妇女的受教育程度和就业水平都在不断提高,特别是在服务业中出现了大量的职业女性。与此同时,不少妇女选择在非正式经济部门就业,被称为"失去的劳动"。妇女就业总体状况的改善是伊朗社会、妇女、政治三方持续互动的结果,在某种程度上体现了政府对待妇女问题的务实性、灵活性以及构建相对宽容的民族文化认同的努力。但是,妇女就业仍然存在诸多不尽如人意之处,随着伊朗国内外形势的变化,将会不断地面临机遇与挑战。
[Abstract]:After the Islamic Revolution in Iran, the image and behavior of women were closely related to religious and national cultural identity. The employment of Iranian women in the early post-revolutionary period was affected by both radical nationalism and religious sentiment, but also by the economic crisis. Iranian society has been in dynamic change. Although the participation of women in the labour force declined significantly in the early days of the Islamic Revolution, after the 1990s, along with the process of urbanization, the educational level and employment level of Iranian women were increasing. In particular, a large number of professional women have emerged in the service industry. At the same time, many women choose to work in the informal sector, known as "lost labor." The improvement of the overall situation of women's employment is the result of the continuous interaction among Iranian society, women and politics, which to some extent reflects the government's practical treatment of women's issues, flexibility and efforts to build a relatively tolerant national cultural identity. However, there are still many unsatisfactory aspects in the employment of women. With the changes of the situation at home and abroad in Iran, opportunities and challenges will continue to be faced.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院西亚非洲研究所;
【基金】：国家社科基金青年项目(项目编号:13CSS022)“伊朗伊斯兰革命后的经济现代化研究” 中国博士后基金项目(项目编号:2015M581262)“伊朗伊斯兰革命后经济变迁中的不平等问题研究”的阶段性成果
【分类号】：C913.68;D737.3

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