轻度精神残疾者社会融入的社会工作介入

发布时间：2018-10-10 17:58

【摘要】：残疾人在社会生活中总是被归为社会弱势群体。目前我国残疾人数目达到8500万左右,精神残疾人群在整个残疾人群中也占据着相当一部分,并且有关专家预测未来会更多。关注这个特殊人群,在保障他们基本生活水平提高生活质量,对于和谐社会的建设有较大的促进作用。然而在现实生活中,精神残疾人群由于各种原因被隔绝在社会之外,不能像常人一样参与社会生活。在倡导和谐社会的改革开放的背景下,同样作为社会组成一部分的精神残疾人群也开始得到社会各界的关注。作为社会生活的重要成员之一,精神残疾者与其他残疾者或健全人一样有进行社会交往,平等参与生活的权力,因此,以精神残疾者作为研究对象,研究该群体融入社会生活的方式及困难,并以社会工作专业方法介入,可以成为精神残疾研究的方向之一。.本文主要在系统理论的指导下,通过入户访谈及参与式的观察等方法,发现精神残疾群体在社会融入方面主要受心理障碍及社交障碍等的影响。经归纳以后发现主要表现在个体、家庭及社会三个方面。精神残疾者的自卑、惧怕群体生活等主观的不合理情绪是阻碍其社会融入的一个重要作用,有些精神残疾者总是认为自己跟别人不一样,害怕别人以异样的眼光看自己。家庭作为最重要的一个支持系统,运行是否正常也是可以影响精神残疾者的一个重要因素,任何一点改变都会产生巨大的效果。社会的接纳开放程度,对精神残疾者敞开的资源环境对于他们的社会融入和心理融入也有着不可忽视的作用。社会包容度低及相关政策的不完善会降低精神残疾者的社会融入的可能性。由于中度和重度的精神残疾群体在接触上存在困难,且阳光家园的托养以轻度的精神残疾者为主,因此本文着重以轻度精神残疾群体为研究对象。在文章的后半部分,拟对精神残疾者本人开展个案工作,并对为精神残疾者提供支持的家庭提供小组工作服务。在实习中逐步确定精神残疾者存在的真实问题和需求,帮助他们循序渐进的认识到自身面对的问题。并通过合理的介入方案策划,积极的对其家庭成员沟通,促进精神残疾者的问题解决和社会融入。最后,对社会工作介入轻度精神残疾者的社会融入面临的问题进行反思和总结,并总结出介入的建议。
[Abstract]:The disabled are always classified as social vulnerable groups in social life. At present, the number of disabled people in our country reaches about 85 million, and the mental disabled people also occupy a considerable part of the whole disabled population, and experts predict that there will be more in the future. Paying attention to this special group can promote the construction of a harmonious society by ensuring their basic living standard and improving their quality of life. However, in real life, people with mental disabilities are isolated from the society for various reasons and can not participate in social life like ordinary people. Under the background of promoting the reform and opening up of a harmonious society, the people with mental disabilities, who are also part of the society, are beginning to receive attention from all walks of life. As one of the important members of social life, persons with mental disabilities have the same right to socialize and participate in life on an equal footing as other persons with or without disabilities. To study the ways and difficulties of this group's integration into social life, and to intervene with the professional method of social work, can become one of the research directions of mental disability. Under the guidance of systematic theory, this paper finds that mental disability groups are mainly influenced by psychological and social barriers in social integration through the methods of household interviews and participatory observation. After induction, it is found that it is mainly manifested in three aspects: individual, family and society. The subjective unreasonable emotions such as inferiority complex and fear of group life are an important obstacle to their social integration. Some people with mental disabilities always think that they are different from others and fear others to look at themselves differently. As one of the most important support systems, the functioning of the family is also an important factor that can affect the mentally disabled, and any change will have a great effect. The degree of social acceptance and openness and the open resource environment for the mentally disabled also play an important role in their social and psychological integration. Low social inclusion and inadequate policies reduce the likelihood of social integration for people with mental disabilities. Because the moderate and severe mental disability groups have difficulties in contact, and the care of the Sunshine Home is mainly light mental disability, this paper focuses on the mild mental disability group as the research object. In the second half of the article, the author intends to carry out case work for the mentally disabled and provide group work services to families that provide support to the mentally disabled. In practice, we gradually identify the real problems and needs of people with mental disabilities, and help them gradually realize the problems they face. And through reasonable intervention program planning, actively communicate with their family members, promote the problem solving and social integration of the mentally disabled. Finally, the social work involved in the mild mental disability in the social integration of the problems faced by the reflection and summary, and summed up the intervention recommendations.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C916

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