大学生基本颜色词联想的语义范畴及启动效应

发布时间：2018-02-01 06:02

本文关键词： 基本颜色词词汇联想测验语义范畴启动效应　出处：《鲁东大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：颜色词是语言中用来描写各种事物色彩的词语，是不可或缺的要素。由于社会文化背景不同，即使是同一种色彩，不同的民族会产生不同的联想和情感取向。以往的研究多是从文化的角度或者是跨文化的角度对颜色词的象征意义进行研究，从心理学的角度对中国大学生基本颜色词语义范畴的研究还很少，所以，本文选取黑色、白色、红色、黄色、绿色、蓝色、棕色、紫色、粉红色、橙色和灰色11个基本颜色词作为研究对象，通过词汇联想测验来构建中国大学生基本颜色词的语义范畴，并用启动效应实验对其进行检验。使用SPSS16.0对数据进行处理，结果如下：（1）中国大学生基本颜色词的语义范畴。其中，红色的语义范畴主要包括国旗、血、火、太阳、苹果、玫瑰花、衣服、西红柿、红灯和红牛；黑色的语义范畴主要包括夜晚、衣服、头发、黑板、煤、夜空、墨水、黑社会、死亡和黑心；白色的语义范畴主要包括白云、墙、衣服、雪、医生、纸、牛奶、白天和丧事；黄色的语义范畴主要包括菊花、香蕉、橘子、太阳、橙子、衣服、向日葵、电影、黄种人和落叶；蓝色的语义范畴主要包括天空、大海、校服、衣服、海军和拉萨；绿色的语义范畴主要包括小草、树叶、树、绿帽子、森林、草坪、草地、草原、绿色食品和蔬菜；紫色的语义范畴主要包括葡萄、茄子、薰衣草、紫罗兰、花、紫菜、衣服、紫药水、炫舞和彩虹；棕色的语义范畴主要包括棕熊、树皮、咖啡、土、熊大熊二、巧克力、皮鞋、头发、眼睛和树；粉红色的语义范畴主要包括小花、衣服、女孩、桃花、裙子、粉红色的回忆、护士、花瓣、内衣和嘴唇；橙色的语义范畴主要包括橙子、橘子、桔子、果汁、橙汁、美年达、柠檬、水果、饮料和果粒橙；灰色的语义范畴主要包括灰太狼、天空、阴天、水泥、灰色头像、衣服、小灰灰、咖啡、心情和灰色收入。（2）语义范畴中词的代表性的主效应显著，F=6.181，，p=0.003，p0.01，基本颜色词语义范畴中存在启动效应，代表性高的词对相应基本颜色词启动更快，语义范畴中存在语义距离的远近。启动刺激和目标刺激的时间距离SOA主效应显著，F=8.029E3，p=0.000，p0.001，说明了启动刺激汉字词呈现的时间影响被试对目标颜色词的命名。语义范畴中联想词的代表性与SOA的交互作用不显著，F=1.083，p=0.343，p0.05。研究结论：大学生基本颜色词语义范畴中存在启动效应，语义范畴中的词汇有着不同的代表性，它们与基本颜色词的语义距离不同，支持了语义范畴理论的原型范畴模型和激活扩散理论。
[Abstract]:Color words are the words used to describe the color of all kinds of things in the language, which is an indispensable element. Because of the different social and cultural background, even the same color. Different ethnic groups will produce different associations and emotional orientation. Previous studies are mostly from the perspective of culture or cross-cultural perspective to study the symbolic meaning of color words. From the perspective of psychology, there are few researches on the category of basic color words and meanings of Chinese college students. Therefore, this paper selects black, white, red, yellow, green, blue, brown, purple and pink. Eleven basic color words of orange and gray were used as the research objects, and the semantic category of the basic color words of Chinese college students was constructed by lexical association test. Using SPSS16.0 to process the data, the results are as follows: 1) semantic category of basic color words of Chinese college students. The semantic categories of red include flag, blood, fire, sun, apple, rose, clothes, tomato, red light and red bull. The semantic categories of black mainly include night, clothes, hair, blackboard, coal, night sky, ink, underworld, death and black heart; White semantic categories mainly include white clouds, walls, clothes, snow, doctors, paper, milk, day and funeral; The semantic categories of yellow mainly include chrysanthemum, banana, orange, sun, orange, clothes, sunflower, film, yellow people and fallen leaves; The semantic categories of blue mainly include sky, sea, school uniform, clothes, navy and Lhasa; The semantic categories of green include grass, leaves, trees, green hats, forests, lawns, grasslands, grasslands, green food and vegetables. The semantic category of purple mainly includes grape, eggplant, lavender, violet, flower, violet, dress, purple potion, dazzling dance and rainbow; Brown semantic categories mainly include brown bear, bark, coffee, earth, bear bear II, chocolate, leather shoes, hair, eyes and trees; The semantic categories of pink include florets, clothes, girls, peach blossoms, skirts, pink memories, nurses, petals, underwear and lips; The semantic categories of orange mainly include orange, orange, orange, juice, orange juice, Meilanda, lemon, fruit, drink and fruit orange. Grey semantic category mainly includes gray wolf, sky, cloudy day, cement, gray head, clothes, gray ash, coffee, mood and gray income. The priming effect exists in the meaning category of basic color words, and the words with high representativeness start faster on the corresponding basic color words. In the semantic category, there is a distance between semantic distance. The time between priming stimulus and target stimulus is significantly different from the main effect of SOA. The results show that the time that stimulates the presentation of Chinese characters affects the naming of the target color words. The interaction between the representativeness of associative words and SOA in semantic category is not significant. Conclusion: there is a priming effect in the meaning category of the basic color words of college students. The lexicon in the semantic category has different representativeness, and the semantic distance between them and the basic color words is different. It supports the prototype category model and activation diffusion theory of semantic category theory.
【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842.5

【参考文献】