基于实物操作的老年人日常问题解决能力发展特点及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-02-22 20:28

本文关键词： 老年人日常问题解决能力发展特点影响因素实物操作　出处：《赣南师范学院》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本研究以江西省60-84岁的老年人为研究对象，采用《基于实物操作的老年人日常问题解决能力测验》，探讨老年人日常问题解决能力总体水平以及四种基本日常活动上日常认知变化的发展特点（年龄特征和个体差异）；考察性别、文化程度、养老方式、职业类型、家庭成员构成、年龄和经验等因素对老年人日常问题解决能力的影响；将运用此测验测评的结果与在非实物操作基础上所获得的老年人日常认知发展模式进行比较。结果表明：基于实物操作的老年人日常问题解决能力从70岁开始呈现出明显下降的趋势；不同活动领域的日常问题解决能力存在不同的发展轨迹，在服用药物、使用电器、管理财务三项上，从70岁之后出现明显下降的趋势，，在使用电话上，75岁之后出现显著下降的趋势；基于实物操作的老年人日常问题解决能力总体水平及四项活动的单项水平上,均表现出一定程度的个体差异，较之前3个年龄段,组四(70～79岁)和组五（80-84岁）个体差异变化的幅度更大；不同的活动项目上变化幅度存在着一定区别，在管理财务上个体差异变化的年龄趋势较不明显；年龄、文化程度、养老方式、使用经验、职业类型和家庭成员构成是老年人日常问题解决能力的影响因素，性别不是老年人日常问题解决能力的影响因素；相对于纸笔测验和自我报告法，基于实物操作的老年人日常问题解决能力测验更具生态效度，所描绘出的老年人日常问题解决能力发展模式可靠性更高。
[Abstract]:In this study, 60-84 years old people in Jiangxi Province as the research object, Using the Test of Daily problem solving ability based on physical manipulation, this paper discusses the general level of daily problem-solving ability of the elderly and the developmental characteristics of daily cognition changes in four basic daily activities. Body difference, sex, sex, The influence of education level, old-age style, occupation type, family member composition, age and experience on the ability of daily problem solving of the elderly; The results of this test were compared with the daily cognitive development model of the elderly on the basis of non-physical operation. The results showed that the daily problem-solving ability of the elderly based on physical operation showed a significant downward trend from the age of 70, and the daily problem-solving ability in different activity areas had different development trajectories, they were taking drugs and using electrical appliances. On the three aspects of management finance, there was a marked downward trend from the age of 70 to a significant decline after the age of 75 years on the telephone; on the general level of daily problem-solving ability of the elderly based on physical manipulation and on the single level of the four activities, All of them showed a certain degree of individual difference, which was larger than that of the previous three age groups (group 4, 70, 79) and group 5 (80 to 84), and there were some differences in the range of changes in different activity items, The age trend of individual difference in managing finance is not obvious, age, education level, old-age style, use experience, occupation type and family member composition are the influencing factors of the ability of daily problem solving of the elderly. Gender is not the influence factor of the ability of daily problem solving of the elderly; compared with the paper pen test and self-report method, the daily problem solving ability test based on physical operation is more ecological validity. The old people's daily problem solving ability development model described in this paper is more reliable.
【学位授予单位】：赣南师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B844.4

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