陕西省自由式摔跤队运动员心理技能干预研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 05:45

本文关键词： 自由式摔跤运动员心理技能心理干预　出处：《陕西师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：心理技能训练在科学训练中不可或缺,运动员在关键比赛中技战术水平能否正常发挥在很大程度上依赖于心理技能的协调能力。为了检验心理技能训练对自由式摔跤运动项目是否具有帮助作用,本文以陕西省重竞技体育运动中心国际自由式摔跤队运动员为被试,采用文献资料法、观察法、访谈法、心理量表统计法、生物反馈法、实验法和数据统计法,对其进行心理干预及数据收集。对运动员心理技能水平分别进行干预前测和干预后测,以检测自由式摔跤运动员在心理干预之后,心理技能水平是否得到提高。本文以国内外有关心理技能及心理干预的相关研究为理论背景,结合国际自由式摔跤运动项目的特点,研究自由式摔跤的心理干预及心理技能理论。研究结果包括国际自由式摔跤运动员的心理技能现状和心理干预效果两部分内容。其一,国际自由式摔跤运动心理技能现状：①青年期自由式摔跤运动员心理技能水平呈现不稳定状态。②青年期男子自由式摔跤运动员处在运动发展的关键时期,来自各方面的压力导致青年期运动员情绪不稳定,自我调节能力较弱。③青年期男子自由式摔跤运动员集中注意力水平较弱,不具备很好的抗干扰能力,外部环境极易影响到运动员训练的正常进行及比赛时能力的发挥。④自由式摔跤运动员身体疲劳及心理疲劳程度都较高,且心理疲劳更为明显。长期处在训练及比赛高压状态下的运动员身心长时间属于疲劳状态之中得不到有效缓解,发展的不平衡性不利于比赛时技战术水平的发挥。其二,心理干预的方法及过程：利用自由式摔跤运动员的训练之余时间对其进行放松训练、提高注意力训练、表象训练以及生物反馈训练。运动员掌握一定的心理技能训练方法,则能够调节其自身的心理技能水平,有利于其在比赛中发挥出更好的技战术水平。其三,国际自由式摔跤运动心理技能干预效果：①进行干预后心理技能水平较干预前有了明显的提高。干预前及干预后在心理技能的多个维度上都表现出了明显的差异。②进行心理技能训练干预后,运动员身体疲劳及心理疲劳程度都得到了一定程度的改善,运动员的训练状态较干预前提升明显。③不同等级的运动员,在不同的心理技能维度上的干预效果也各不相同,具有明显的差异性。④对于心理技能训练及心理干预的效果教练员和运动员都给予了正面的评价。本研究在理论上对心理技能的研究现状给予了一定的补充,为心理技能训练能够更为广泛的在专业运动队里发展提供了一定的理论支持。在实践上对国际自由式摔跤运动项目给予了一定的指导价值,也对陕西省重竞技体育运动中心对自由式摔跤运动队的后期发展起到了一定的指导作用。
[Abstract]:Psychological training is indispensable in scientific training, athletes can play a normal coordination ability depends largely on the psychological skills in key technical and tactical game level. In order to test whether the psychological skill training in freestyle wrestling sport is helpful, taking Shaanxi Province Sports Center for international freestyle wrestling athletes was try using the method of literature, observation, interview, psychological scale statistics, biological feedback method, experimental method and statistical method, psychological intervention and data collection on the psychological skills of athletes. The level were measured before and after the intervention, intervention measure, in order to detect the freestyle wrestling athletes in the psychological intervention psychological, skill level has been improved.
The related research at home and abroad related to psychological skills and psychological intervention as the theoretical background, combined with the characteristics of international freestyle wrestling sport, of freestyle wrestling psychological intervention and psychological skill theory. The results including the international freestyle wrestling athletes psychological skill effect status and psychological intervention in two parts.
First, the International Wrestling sport psychological skill status: young wrestlers' psychological skill levels showed a steady state. The young men's freestyle wrestling athletes in a critical period of development of the movement, the pressure from various aspects of youth athletes lead to emotional instability, self adjustment ability is weak. The period of youth men's freestyle wrestling athletes concentrate level is weak, do not have very good anti-interference ability, the external environment can easily affect the normal athletes training and the ability to play. The freestyle wrestling athletes physical fatigue and mental fatigue degree is higher, and the mental fatigue is more obvious. In the long-term training and competition pressure under the condition of the athletes' physical and mental fatigue state belongs to a long time without effective relief, the imbalance of the development is not conducive to the competition tactics of water A flat play.
Second, the process and methods of psychological intervention: the relaxation training using the free style wrestling athletes training time, improve attention training, mental training and biofeedback training. Athletes master the training methods of mental skills and are able to adjust the psychological skills of the body, which is conducive to play better. The tactical level in the game.
Third, the effect of International Wrestling sport psychological skills intervention: the intervention of psychological skill level than before the intervention significantly improved. Before and after the intervention in multiple dimensions of psychological skills have shown significant differences. The psychological skills training intervention, physical fatigue and mental fatigue in athletes have a certain degree of improvement, athletes training state than before intervention to improve significantly. The different levels of athletes, intervention effect of psychological skills on different dimensions are different, has obvious difference. 4 for psychological training and psychological intervention effect of coaches and athletes have given a positive evaluation.
In this study, theoretical research status of psychological skills to give a supplement for the psychological skill training can be more widely used in professional sports team development provides certain theoretical support. In the practice of international freestyle wrestling sport to give a certain guidance value, but also to the guiding role of Shaanxi Province Sports Center for free wrestling team late in development.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G804.8;B842

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