强化敏感性人格发展特点研究

发布时间：2018-02-28 22:36

  本文关键词： 强化敏感性发展趋势 人格发展 初中生人格 气球模拟风险测试任务　出处：《东北师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：强化敏感性理论(Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory)是一种期望用生物学的视角理解人类行为差异的人格过程理论。总的来讲,该理论依个体对环境中奖惩刺激反应的敏感性、情绪、动机方向上的不同据以理解人格差异,并用三个系统即行为趋近系统(Behavioral Approach System)、对抗-逃离-僵化系统(Fight/Flight/freeze System)、行为抑制系统(Behavioral Inhibition System)作为理解行为差异的基本描述单位。该理论诞生于上世纪70年代,在产生后的30多年时间中持续保持着生命力。这种生命力的保持正是依靠了该理论肯于吸取新的研究成果,敢于对原初理论修订而达成的。正是有了上述修订工作,历史性的形成了两种形式相近而概念不同的两版理论模型,因此本文系统的叙述了强化敏感性理论的演进史,并在此基础上展开了一项有关修订后强化敏感性人格发展特点的研究。本文采取自陈问卷与行为实验两种测验形式,对小学低年段(2-3年级)、小学高年段(5-6年级)、初中组(7-8年级)、高中组(高1-2)和本科组(大1-2)共189名被试进行间隔10个月的追踪研究。结果发现:1,本研究在采用气球模拟风险测试任务对奖励敏感性的测查中,发现奖励敏感性随年龄增长呈现出倒“U”型发展趋势,即青春期达到奖励敏感性发展的最高峰;2采用自陈问卷与行为实验两种测验形式对奖励敏感性发展趋势的测量中均发现青春期前后奖励敏感性显著升高;3,本研究在采用自陈问卷与行为测试两种形式对惩罚敏感性的测量中,得到不一致的结果。由自陈问卷测得的结果表现出本科组处于惩罚敏感性发展的最高水平,而行为测试结果反应出惩罚敏感性随年龄增高而降低的趋势;4,本文所采用的自陈问卷与行为测试结果间存在不一致的现象,这可能提示自陈问卷在发展趋势研究中有一定的局限性,但本文所采用的行为测试能否很好反应强化敏感性理论构想也有待今后研究进一步解决。
[Abstract]:Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory is a theory of personality process that expects to understand human behavioral differences from a biological perspective. Generally speaking, the theory is based on the sensitivity and emotion of individual responses to rewards and punishments in the environment. Differences in the direction of motivation are the basis for understanding personality differences, And we use three systems, Behavioral Approach system, confrontation-escape-ossification system Fight- / Flight- freeze system, Behavioral Inhibition system as the basic description unit for understanding behavioral differences. This theory was born in -30s. For more than 30 years after it came into being, it continued to maintain its vitality, which was achieved by the theory's willingness to absorb new research results and to dare to revise the original theory. Two versions of theoretical models with similar forms and different concepts have been formed historically, so this paper systematically narrates the evolution of the theory of enhanced sensitivity. On the basis of this, a study on the characteristics of the development of the modified enhanced and sensitive personality is carried out. This paper adopts two kinds of tests: self-renewal questionnaire and behavioral experiment. A follow-up study was conducted on 189 subjects in the junior middle school (junior high school), senior middle school (senior 1 to 2) and undergraduate (1 2), junior middle school (junior middle school), high school (high 1 2) and undergraduate (1 2) students in grade 2-3, grade 5-6 in primary school, grade 5-6 in primary school. The results showed that: 1, the balloon was used in this study. In the test of the sensitivity of the simulated risk test task to the reward, It was found that reward sensitivity showed an inverted "U" pattern with age. That is to say, the peak of the development of reward sensitivity in adolescence. 2. The measurement of the development trend of reward sensitivity in the form of self-renewal questionnaire and behavioral experiment both found that the reward sensitivity increased significantly before and after puberty. In the measurement of the penalization sensitivity of the two forms of self-report questionnaire and behavioral test, The results obtained from the self-reported questionnaire showed that the undergraduate group was at the highest level in the development of penalization sensitivity. The behavioral test results showed that the penalty sensitivity decreased with the increase of age. There was a discrepancy between the self-reported questionnaire and the behavioral test results. This may suggest that the self-renewal questionnaire has some limitations in the research of the development trend, but whether the behavioral tests adopted in this paper can respond well to the theory of reinforcement sensitivity also needs to be further studied in the future.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848

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本文编号：1549304