成功老龄化他评量表的初步研制

发布时间：2018-03-01 21:41

本文关键词： 成功老龄化多维度健康评估他评量表　出处：《安徽医科大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：研究背景：面对越来越庞大的老龄化人群，如何实现成功老龄化（successfulageing,SA）成为老年健康管理的一个重要议题。文献回顾发现，如何更加有效地评估成功老龄化尚未形成统一标准。以往对成功老龄化的评估多是针对不同的维度指标选取多个经信效度校验过的量表或问卷，以自评的形式进行评估。对于老年这一特殊类型的群体来说，自评量表冗长复杂，老年人的依从性较差，问卷回收有效率较低，在老年健康管理中很难操作和实施。目前，国内外对于成功老龄化评估工具的研究较少，因此本研究在文献回顾、借鉴老年人多维健康评估的成果和相关量表编制思路的基础上，尝试编制一套易于医护人员操作的成功老龄化他评工具，以便早期快捷、有效地对老龄化人群做出评估，为进一步提出针对性的干预措施提供参考依据，有望使更多的老人转变为SA老人。目的：本研究源于杭州市科技局项目（20120633B21），尝试研制一套具有较好信、效度，易于医护人员操作，，在老龄化人群中能粗略划分出成功老人组与非成功老人组的成功老龄化他评量表，为开展老年健康管理提供有效的评估工具。方法：通过文献分析，确定SA评价维度、结构及评分方法。经专家咨询、半结构式访谈及2次施测，形成多维度描述性SA他评量表。用预测样本（n=50）进行项目分析、评定者间信度和校标效度检验，用正式施测样本（n=300）进行项目分析、内部一致性检验、评定者间信度及效标效度检验，并分析影响成功老龄化测定的相关因素。采用日常生活能力量表（ADL）、简易精神状态量表（MMSE）、社会功能缺陷量表（SSDS）及纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表（MUNSH）作校标。结果：(1)SA他评量表由五个维度指标组成：目前慢性病情况、躯体功能、认知功能、社会功能、主观幸福感。(2)SA相关因素分析显示,年龄、受教育程度不同的老人在成功老龄化测定结果上有差异，差异有统计学意义。年龄的影响更大一些，成功老龄化随着年龄的增长而有所降低。结论：自行编制的成功老龄化他评量表具有较好的信效度。初步分析了相关影响因素。临床初步应用能较好地对老年人整体健康状况做出评估同时区分出SA组与非SA组。
[Abstract]:Background: in the face of more and more large aging population, how to achieve successful aging has become an important issue in the health management of the elderly. How to evaluate successful aging more effectively has not yet formed a unified standard. In the past, the evaluation of successful aging was mostly based on the different dimensional indicators selected multiple reliability and validity check scale or questionnaire. For a special group of elderly people, the self-rating scale is long and complicated, the compliance of the elderly is poor, the efficiency of questionnaire recovery is low, and it is difficult to operate and implement in the elderly health management. There are few researches on the assessment tools of successful aging at home and abroad. Therefore, this study is based on the review of literature, the results of multidimensional health assessment of the elderly and the relevant scales. In order to evaluate the aging population quickly and effectively in the early stage and provide reference for further targeted intervention, the author tries to develop a set of evaluation tools for successful ageing, which is easy for medical staff to operate. It is hoped that more old people will be transformed into SA elders. Objective: this study originated from the project of Hangzhou Science and Technology Bureau (HSCB) (20120633B21) and attempted to develop a set with good reliability, validity and easy operation by medical staff. In order to provide an effective evaluation tool for health management of the elderly, we can roughly distinguish the successful ageing scale from the non-successful group in the aging population. Methods: through literature analysis, the dimensions of SA evaluation were determined. Structure and scoring methods. Through expert consultation, semi-structured interviews and two tests, a multi-dimensional descriptive SA other rating scale was formed. The item analysis, internal consistency test, reliability test and validity test were carried out with a formal test sample. The influencing factors of successful aging were analyzed. ADL scale, MMSE scale, SSDS scale and MUNSHS were used to measure the happiness of Memorial University of Newfoundland. Results the SAS scale consisted of five dimensions: chronic disease, body function, cognitive function, social function, subjective well-being. The results of successful aging were different among the elderly with different education levels, and the difference was statistically significant. The influence of age was greater, and the successful aging decreased with the increase of age. Conclusion: the reliability and validity of the success Aging other rating scale developed by ourselves are good. The related factors are analyzed preliminarily. The clinical preliminary application can better assess the overall health status of the elderly and distinguish the SA group from the non-SA group.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B841

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