选择性注意影响下决策结果加工的ERPs研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 04:06

  本文选题：结果加工　切入点：ERPs　出处：《西北大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：决策过程包括刺激、反应、反馈三个阶段,不确定条件下决策结果反馈加工是一个复杂的认知过程。结果反馈中效价和价值独立编码的观点目前受到一些实验证据的挑战。本研究采用ERPs技术,通过两个实验对决策不同阶段的选择性注意进行系统操作,以探讨选择性注意对决策结果编码加工的影响。实验一探讨刺激阶段不同选择性注意条件下(注意效价vs.注意价值大小),被试的不同选择行为(主动选择vs.强迫选择)对决策结果反馈的神经认知加工的影响。结果发现:FRN在效价和价值大小上的主效应均显著(ps0.05),强迫选择条件下FRN的振幅显著大于主动选择条件下FRN的振幅(ps0.05);P3在效价和价值大小上的主效应均显著(ps0.05),主动选择条件下P3的振幅显著大于强迫选择条件下P3的振幅(ps0.05),在价值大小加工上注意条件和价值大小交互效应显著(p0.05)。实验二探讨反馈阶段不同选择性注意条件下(注意效价vs.注意价值大小),个体的不同选择行为(主动选择vs.强迫选择)对决策结果反馈的神经认知加工的影响。结果发现:FRN的效价和价值大小主效应均显著(ps0.05),强迫选择条件下FRN的振幅显著大于主动选择条件下的振幅(ps0.05),注意条件主效应显著具体表现为注意价值大小时FRN的振幅显著大于注意效价时FRN的振幅(ps0.05);P3在效价和价值大小上的主效应均显著(ps0.05),主动选择条件下P3的振幅显著大于强迫选择条件下的振幅(ps0.05),在效价加工上注意效价时诱发的P3的振幅显著大于注意价值大小时的振幅(p0.05)。综合实验结果,可得出以下四个结论:第一,刺激阶段的选择性注意影响决策结果加工,正中前额叶的FRN和P3的振幅均受效价和价值大小的调节,P3成分在价值大小的加工上受到注意条件的调节;第二,反馈阶段的选择性注意影响决策结果加工,正中前额叶的FRN和P3的振幅均受效价和价值大小的调节,且注意条件对FRN和P3具有不同的调节作用;第三,反应阶段的选择类型影响决策结果加工,行为选择对正中前额叶的FRN与P3的振幅具有不同的调节作用,具体表现为FRN在强迫选择条件下更负,P3在主动选择条件下更敏感;第四,决策结果的效价和价值大小在大脑中不是独立进行编码,.而是依据任务的相关性,以一种更灵活、更复杂、更综合的加工方式对效价和价值大小进行编码,其脑电指标为正中前额叶的FRN、P3成分。
[Abstract]:The decision-making process consists of three stages: stimulus, response and feedback. The feedback processing of decision results under uncertain conditions is a complex cognitive process. The viewpoint of independent coding of value and value in the feedback of results is challenged by some experimental evidences. In this study, ERPs technique is used. Through two experiments, the selective attention in different stages of decision making is operated systematically. In order to explore the effect of selective attention on the coding process of decision results, experiment 1 explored the different selection behaviors (active selection vs. Compulsion) of the subjects under different selective attention conditions during the stimulation stage (attentional titer vs. attention value value). The effect of selection on neurocognitive processing with feedback of decision results. The results showed that the main effects of FRN on titer and value were significant, and the amplitude of FRN under forced selection was significantly larger than that of FRN under active selection. The main effects on the value and titer of P3 were significant, and the amplitude of P3 under active selection was significantly higher than that of P3 under forced selection, and the interactive effect between the condition of attention and the value of value was significant in the processing of value. The experiment showed that the interaction between the condition and the value was significant (p 0.05). (2) to explore the effects of different selective attention conditions in the feedback stage on the neurocognitive processing of decision outcome feedback under different selective attention conditions (attentional titer vs. attention value and individual choice behavior (active selection vs. Forced selection). It was found that the main effects of the titer and value of the FRN were significant, the amplitude of FRN under forced selection was significantly larger than that under active selection, and the main effect of attention condition was that the amplitude of FRN was obvious when the value of attention was larger than that under the condition of active selection. When the amplitude of FRN is larger than the attentional titer, the main effects of the amplitude of FRN on the titer and value are significant. The amplitude of P3 under the active selection condition is significantly larger than that under the condition of forced selection, which is induced by paying attention to the titer in the titer processing. The amplitude of P3 is significantly larger than that of the value of attention. The following four conclusions can be drawn: first, selective attention in the stimulus stage affects the processing of decision-making results. The amplitudes of FRN and P3 in the median prefrontal lobe were regulated by the titer and the value. The P3 component was regulated by the condition of value processing. Second, the selective attention in the feedback stage affected the processing of decision making results. The amplitudes of FRN and P3 in the median prefrontal lobe were all regulated by the titer and the value, and the attention condition had different regulative effects on FRN and P3. Third, the selection type of the reaction stage affected the processing of decision making results. Behavioral selections have different effects on the amplitude of FRN and P3 in the median prefrontal lobe, which shows that FRN is more sensitive to negative P3 under the condition of forced selection, and 4th, The titer and value of the decision results are not encoded independently in the brain, but are encoded in a more flexible, complex and integrated way of processing, depending on the relevance of the task. The electroencephalogram (EEG) index was the FRN P 3 component in the median prefrontal lobe.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842
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本文编号：1582314