始成年期宽恕的影响因素及其认知加工特点

发布时间：2018-03-11 02:12

本文选题：始成年　切入点：倾向性宽恕　出处：《河南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在我国传统文化中，以和为贵始终是中国人独有的处事智慧，这种精神增强了人际间的亲密关系，也能化解冲突与矛盾。在当前我国构建和谐社会，推动社会风气改善的进程中，仍然有许多不和谐的现象发生，比如常见的“路怒族”、逐渐上升的离婚率等。如何化解这些人际矛盾，实现真正的“和谐”，已成为当今社会面临的一大难题。而宽恕作为一种积极的人格特质，在应对负性情绪及人际间的矛盾时，有良好的缓解作用。宽恕是以和为贵的具体表现，因此对宽恕进行研究具有深刻的社会意义。本研究采用问卷调查法，以开封、临汾两个城市四所学校的802名始成年个体为被试，探讨同一性风格对倾向性宽恕的影响。在此基础上，采用实验法对不同宽恕水平被试的知觉加工特点进行探索研究。结果表明：（1）修订的倾向性宽恕问卷包括宽恕自己、宽恕他人、宽恕处境三个维度，正式施测结果表明，问卷的结构模型拟合良好，信效度较好，可以作为测量始成年个体倾向性宽恕的研究工具；（2）倾向性宽恕的人口学特征的差异结果表明，倾向性宽恕的宽恕自己维度在性别上差异显著；倾向性宽恕的宽恕他人和宽恕处境维度在生源地上差异显著；倾向性宽恕总分及各维度在年级上差异不显著；倾向性宽恕的总分和宽恕自己维度在学科上差异显著；（3）同一性风格对倾向性宽恕的多元回归分析结果显示，三种同一性风格都可以显著预测个体宽恕自己的水平；信息风格可以显著预测个体宽恕他人的水平，，规范风格和扩散风格可以显著预测个体宽恕处境的水平；（4）采用点探测任务和情绪stroop任务对不同宽恕水平个体的注意偏向和知觉加工偏向进行探索性研究，结果显示：不同宽恕水平的被试对探测刺激出现位置的反应时不存在明显区别，即不存在注意偏向；高宽恕水平的被试对探测刺激的反应时间比低宽恕水平被试对探测刺激的反应时间长；高宽恕水平的被试对积极词汇产生了知觉加工偏向，低宽恕水平的被试对消极词汇产生了知觉加工偏向。
[Abstract]:In the traditional culture of our country, it is always the unique wisdom of the Chinese to treat things with peace. This spirit strengthens the intimate relationship between people and can also resolve conflicts and contradictions. At present, we are building a harmonious society in our country. In the process of promoting the improvement of social atmosphere, there are still many discordant phenomena, such as the common "Lu Nu people", the rising divorce rate, and so on. How to resolve these interpersonal conflicts? The realization of real "harmony" has become a major problem facing the society today. Forgiveness, as a positive personality trait, plays a good role in alleviating negative emotions and interpersonal conflicts. Forgiveness is a concrete manifestation of harmony. Therefore, the study of forgiveness has profound social significance. In this study, 802 adult individuals from four schools in Kaifeng and Linfen were investigated by questionnaire to explore the influence of identity style on forgiving tendentiousness. The characteristics of perceptual processing in subjects with different forgiveness levels were investigated by experimental method. The results showed that:. 1) the revised questionnaire includes three dimensions: forgiving oneself, forgiving others and forgiving the situation. The formal test results show that the structural model of the questionnaire fits well and the reliability and validity of the questionnaire is good. It can be used as a research tool to measure the tendency of forgiveness in adults. (2) the demographic characteristics of prone forgiveness are different. The results show that the dimension of forgiving oneself is significantly different in sex, the dimension of forgiving others and forgiving situation is significant difference in the origin of the students. There was no significant difference in the total scores and dimensions of prone forgiveness in grade, and there was significant difference between the total score of prone forgiveness and the dimension of forgiveness in discipline. 3) the results of multiple regression analysis of identity style to forgiving tendentiousness showed that all three types of identity styles could significantly predict the level of individual forgiveness, while information style could significantly predict the level of individual forgiveness. Normative and diffusive styles can significantly predict the level of individual forgiveness; (4) Point detection task and emotional stroop task were used to explore the attention bias and perceptual processing bias of individuals with different forgiveness levels. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the response of subjects with different forgiveness levels to detecting the location of stimulus, that is, there was no attention bias. The response time of the subjects with high forgiveness level was longer than that of the subjects with low forgiveness level, and the subjects with high forgiveness level had a perceptual processing bias to positive words. The subjects with low forgiveness level showed perceptual processing bias to negative vocabulary.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842.1

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