太原市学龄儿童及家长伤害教育干预效果评价

发布时间：2018-03-13 21:45

本文选题：儿童　切入点：创伤和损伤　出处：《中国学校卫生》2014年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解儿童伤害现况及其教育干预效果,为儿童伤害防治提供依据。方法采用随机数字表法,在太原市城区选取2所六年制小学,整群选取四、五年级的全部学生和家长作为调查对象。干预后使用同一问卷对儿童及家长进行复测,干预组儿童在复测3个月后进行有关伤害知识问卷追踪,调查内容包括伤害现状、儿童及家长伤害相关知识及父母教养方式量表。结果儿童伤害发生率为48.5%,伤害原因依次为交通伤害(33.2%)、跌落坠伤(31.6%)、动物抓咬伤(16.0%)、其他(3.2%)。干预后干预组儿童应急知识及格率、家长知识及格率均高于对照组(χ2值分别为5.748,5.429,P值均0.05);父亲温暖理解得分、母亲温暖理解得分均高于对照组,母亲惩罚严厉得分低于对照组(t值分别为2.856,2.108,-2.401,P值均0.05)。干预组儿童干预后预防知识和应急处理知识及格率、家长知识和行为及格率均高于干预前,且差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为9.611,82.692,20.449,10.491,P值均0.05);教育干预后总伤害、交通伤及跌落伤的发生率均有所下降。结论开展健康教育可以提高儿童与家长对伤害的了解,同时改善家长的教养方式,有利于降低儿童伤害的发生。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the current situation of child injury and the effect of educational intervention so as to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of child injury. Methods two six-year primary schools and four cluster schools were selected in Taiyuan city by random digital table method. After the intervention, all the students and parents of the fifth grade were re-tested with the same questionnaire, and the children in the intervention group were followed up with the injury knowledge questionnaire after 3 months, including the status of injury. Results the incidence rate of child injury was 48.5. The causes of injury were traffic injury (33.2%), falling injury (31.6%), animal bite (16.0%), and others (3.22%). After intervention, the children's emergency knowledge passed rate in the intervention group. The pass rate of parents' knowledge was higher than that of the control group (蠂 ~ 2 = 5.748N 5.429p, P = 0.05), the scores of father's warmth and understanding, mother's warmth and understanding were higher than those of the control group. The scores of severe punishment of mothers were lower than those of the control group (2.856 卤2.108- 2.401) P, respectively. The pass rates of prevention knowledge and emergency treatment knowledge, parental knowledge and behavior pass rate of intervention group were higher than those before intervention. The difference was statistically significant (蠂 ~ 2 = 9.611 / 82.692or 20.449 / 10.491P, respectively), the incidence of total injury, traffic injury and falling injury decreased after education intervention. Conclusion Health education can improve the understanding of injury among children and parents. At the same time, to improve the parenting style of parents, help to reduce the incidence of child injury.
【作者单位】：山西医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生学教研室;
【基金】：教育部全国教育科学“十一五”规划课题青年专项基金项目(EHA090449) 山西医科大学青年基金项目(02200725) 山西医科大学大学生创新基金项目(2009026)
【分类号】：B844.1

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