社会排斥情境下自动化情绪调节的特点及心理机制研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 03:03

本文选题：社会排斥　切入点：拒绝　出处：《宁波大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：社会排斥是一种常见的负性生活事件，大量研究证实其可能对人们的身心造成一定影响。但就其对情绪产生何种影响，由何种原因导致，研究结果并不一致。本研究选取了最常见的两类社会排斥情境：拒绝和放逐，进行比较研究，并设计了三个情境诱导下的情绪实验研究。研究1采用情绪自我报告法与情绪内隐态度测量法，观测不同社会排斥情境下个体情绪唤起的差异；研究2针对研究1结果，设计了情绪调节策略的内隐态度改变程序(阈下EC技术)，要求在社会排斥后运用特定策略进行情绪调节，观测效果的变化；研究3采用ER-IAT范式，观测社会排斥情境下个体自动化情绪调节策略的倾向性，即推断是否因为个体在特定情境下由于决策的倾向性不同，造成情绪调节效果的不同，并采用回归分析的方法构建社会排斥情境下个体情绪调节的心理模型。结果显示，(1)放逐组被试外显情绪与情绪内隐态度一致，均为负面情绪；拒绝组被试外显报告消极，情绪内隐态度表现为在积极图片上出现注意瞬脱效应，呈现情绪解离现象；(2)放逐组在使用表达抑制策略时情绪调节效果好于使用认知重评(不显著)，拒绝组在使用认知重评时情绪调节效果好于表达抑制(显著)；拒绝组使用认知重评策略的情绪调节效果优于放逐组(显著)，放逐组使用表达抑制情绪调节策略优于拒绝组(但不显著)；(3)控制调节策略后，拒绝组调节效果整体优于放逐组；(4)放逐组在自动化情绪调节策略中倾向于使用表达抑制策略，拒绝组倾向使用认知重评策略，拒绝组可能通过观察积极图片等自动化认知重评策略调节情绪，效果较好；(5)情境因素和自动化情绪调节策略均可以有效预测情绪调节效果，且自动化情绪调节策略是社会排斥在预测情绪调节效果时的中介因子。这些结果表明，，社会排斥下个体情绪调节效果的差异性既与情境有关，又与个体情绪调节策略的选取有关。心理咨询中应当更关注被放逐个体，并可启发面对不同情境的个体采用特定的调节策略。
[Abstract]:Social exclusion is a common negative life event, and a great deal of research has confirmed that it may have a certain effect on people's body and mind. The results of this study were not consistent. This study selected the two most common social exclusion situations: rejection and exile, and carried out a comparative study. Three situational induced emotional experiments were designed. In study 1, the differences of individual emotional arousal in different social exclusion situations were observed by using the emotional self-report method and the implicit emotional attitude measurement method. The implicit attitude change program of emotion regulation strategy (subthreshold EC technique) is designed, which requires the use of specific strategies to regulate emotion after social exclusion. Observing the tendency of individual automatic emotion regulation strategy in social exclusion situation, that is, inferring whether the individual has different effect of emotion regulation because of the different tendency of decision making in a particular situation. The psychological model of individual emotion regulation under social exclusion was constructed by regression analysis. The results showed that the explicit emotion and the implicit attitude of emotion in the exiled group were consistent with those in the control group, and the negative emotion was found in the negative group, and the implicit attitude of emotion in the rejection group was reflected in the instant attention effect on the positive picture. The effect of emotion regulation in the exile group was better than that in the cognitive reappraisal group (no significant, the emotion regulation effect in the rejection group was better than that in the expression inhibition group (P < 0.05). The effect of emotion regulation using cognitive reappraisal strategy was better than that of exile group (significant). After the exile group used the expression inhibition emotion regulation strategy better than the rejection group (but not significant), the control regulation strategy was better than that of the control group. The control effect of rejection group was better than that of banishing group 4) in the automatic emotion regulation strategy, the rejection group tended to use expression inhibition strategy, while the rejection group tended to use cognitive reappraisal strategy. The rejection group could effectively predict the effect of emotion regulation by observing automatic cognitive reassessment strategies, such as positive pictures, and the effect was better than that of situational factors and automatic emotion regulation strategies. And the automatic emotion regulation strategy is the intermediary factor of social exclusion in predicting the effect of emotion regulation. These results indicate that the difference of individual emotion regulation effect under social exclusion is related to both the situation and the choice of individual emotion regulation strategy. And it can inspire individuals to adopt specific adjustment strategies in different situations.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842.6

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