第二语言阅读“熔断”假说的认知心理证据:在线篇章处理的范式

发布时间：2018-03-19 09:19

本文选题：篇章　切入点：理解加工　出处：《心理学报》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：本研究以认知心理学的结构建造理论为实验框架,模拟学习者母语及外语在线篇章处理的过程,从而获取第二语言阅读"熔断"假说以及"门槛"效应的认知心理证据。英语水平差别显著的高低两组共60名被试参加了英、汉语故事理解加工实验,考察他们如何对故事的人物角色进行持续跟踪,以厘清故事内的"因果链"。结果发现:(1)高水平组成功地把他们的母语故事理解加工能力迁移到第二语言的故事理解加工,而低水平组则迁移失败;(2)理解加工能力的迁移与被试心理表征建构能力以及抑制机制的效率紧密关联,高水平组被试能有效地利用抑制机制来管理他们第二语言的结构建造过程,从而建立对故事的连贯心理表征,而低水平组则不能。在分析上述结果的基础上,文章提出第二语言阅读"熔断"假说的认知心理证据就是第二语言心理表征建构与抑制机制的作用问题;要成功地进行第二语言篇章理解,读者必须要使其二语潜在的能力(如词汇效率等)发展到某个点上,使得与抑制(结构建造的关键)相关的许多无意识的决定过程能够高度自动化。
[Abstract]:Based on the structure construction theory of cognitive psychology, this study simulates the process of online text processing of learners' mother tongue and foreign language. In order to obtain the cognitive psychological evidence of the second language reading "fuse" hypothesis and the "threshold" effect, a total of 60 subjects in two groups participated in the English and Chinese story comprehension processing experiments. In order to clarify the "causal chain" in the story, it was found that the high-level group successfully transferred their native language story comprehension processing ability to the second language story comprehension processing. However, in the low level group, the migration failure was found to be closely related to the ability to construct psychological representation and the efficiency of inhibition mechanism. The high level subjects could manage their second language structure-building process effectively by using the inhibition mechanism, thus establishing the coherent psychological representation of the story, while the low level group could not. Based on the analysis of the above results, The paper points out that the cognitive psychological evidence of the second language reading "fuse" hypothesis is the function of the second language psychological representation construction and inhibition mechanism, and that the second language text comprehension should be carried out successfully. Readers must develop their L2 potential abilities (such as lexical efficiency) to a point where many of the unconscious decision-making processes associated with suppression (the key to structural construction) can be highly automated.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学外国语学院;
【基金】：上海交通大学文理交叉项目(14JCY12);上海交通大学文理交叉专项基金(16JXRZ08) 上海市浦江人才计划(15PJC070)资助
【分类号】：B842.1

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