负性情绪对不公平情境下决策的影响

发布时间：2018-03-26 10:17

本文选题：厌恶　切入点：愤怒　出处：《湖南师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：古人云“人不患寡而患不均,不患贫而患不安”。追求公平正义,是人类历史上永恒的话题,也是社会进步的价值取向。然而,在现实社会生活中,总会有许多不公平之事。当人们在对一个不公平情境做出反应时,情绪起着至关重要的作用,甚至这种影响比事件本身的作用更为直接。在以往心理学实验和认知神经科学对情绪与决策的相关研究基础上,本文通过启动愤怒和厌恶这两种情绪来探讨负性情绪对不公平情境下决策的影响。本文进行了两个实验,旨在验证负性情绪是否会对不公平情境下的决策产生影响,且这种影响是否具有情绪特异性。实验一采用最后通牒游戏范式,研究分配不公平情境下诱发的愤怒是否更能影响被试的决策行为;实验二运用情境故事法,研究互动不公平和程序不公平情境下诱发的愤怒是否更能影响被试的公平性判断。结果发现:(1)在分配不公平情境下,愤怒情绪启动组被试对不公平分配方案的拒绝行为最显著,对公平性的判断更为严苛;(2)在互动不公平情境下,愤怒情绪启动组被试对公平性的判断更为严苛;(3)在程序不公平情境下,愤怒情绪启动组被试对公平性的判断更为严苛。(4)负性情绪对不公平情境下的决策行为存在特异性的影响,这一研究结果在一定程度上支持了情绪特异性理论的观点。
[Abstract]:As the ancients said, "people do not suffer from poverty and inequality, nor do they suffer from poverty and anxiety." the pursuit of fairness and justice is an eternal topic in human history and a value orientation for social progress. However, in real social life, There's always a lot of injustice. When people react to an unfair situation, emotion plays a vital role. Even this effect is more direct than events themselves. Based on previous psychological experiments and cognitive neuroscience studies on emotion and decision making, This paper explores the effects of negative emotions on decision-making in unfair situations by initiating anger and aversion. Two experiments were conducted to verify whether negative emotions have an impact on decision-making in unfair situations. In experiment 1, we used ultimatum game paradigm to study whether anger induced by unfair distribution situation could affect the decision making behavior of the subjects; in experiment 2, we used situational storytelling method to study whether the anger induced by unfair distribution situation could affect the decision making behavior of the subjects. The results showed that in the unfair distribution situation, the anger initiation group had the most significant rejection behavior to the unfair distribution scheme, and the results showed that: 1) under the unfair distribution situation, the anger induced anger was more likely to affect the fairness judgment of the subjects, and the results showed that: 1) in the unfair distribution situation, the anger initiation group had the most significant rejection of the unfair distribution scheme. The judgment of fairness was more severe. 2) in the interactive unfair situation, in the anger initiation group, the judgment of fairness was more severe. In the anger initiation group, the judgment of fairness was more strict. 4) negative emotion had a specific effect on the decision-making behavior in the unfair situation, which to some extent supported the view of the emotional specificity theory.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：B842.6

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