想象接触对不同类型群际威胁的影响：自我表露的作用

发布时间：2018-04-08 23:05

本文选题：想象接触　切入点：现实威胁　出处：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在一个资源有限的社会环境中,两个群体为了自身的生存、发展会展开竞争,当一个群体严重阻碍到另一群体达成自我目标时,群际威胁感就产生了。群际威胁被认为是导致群际威胁和阻碍和平的一个主要原因。当内群体成员感受到群际威胁时会产生一系列消极的情绪、认知和行为反应,从而加剧群际冲突。张ZM等人在整合现有的群际威胁理论后将其划分为三类:现实威胁、文化威胁、认同威胁。如何减少群际威胁带来的负面影响一直是心理学家和社会学家关注的问题。在众多改善群际关系的策略里面,群际接触一直是十分有效的方法,想象群际接触作为最新的群际接触理论为高度隔绝社会环境下的群际接触提供了新思路。现有研究表明想象接触能够显著减少以优势群体为内群体的群际偏见、改善群际态度、增加群际接触意愿和减少群际威胁感。但是想象接触对减少以弱势群体为内群体的三类群际威胁感是否仍有效?自我表露在其中起到什么作用呢?本实验将设置三个实验进行探讨。实验一主要探讨想象接触能否显著减少现实威胁感。本实验采用单因素被试间设计,自变量分为想象接触和一般想象两个水平,将四川师范大学应届毕业生设置为内群体,其他高校来成都就业学生为外群体,测量被试的现实威胁感水平和自我表露程度。实验结果发现:想象接触对减少现实威胁感有显著效果;自我表露在想象接触显著减少文化威胁感之中起到中介作用。实验二探讨想象接触能否显著减少文化威胁感。本实验采用单因素被试间设计,自变量分为想象接触和一般想象两个水平,以持传统婚恋的50岁以上人群为内群体,以持开放婚恋观的20岁以上适婚青年人群为外群体,测量被试的文化威胁感和自我表露度。实验结果发现:积极想象接触能够显著减少文化威胁感;自我表露在想象接触显著减少文化威胁感之中起到中介作用。实验三主要探讨想象接触能否显著减少认同威胁感。本实验采用单因素被试间设计,自变量分为想象接触和一般想象两个水平,以对寻求心理咨询有被污名化担忧的大学生为内群体,普通人群为目标外群体,测量被试的认同威胁感和自我表露度。实验结果发现:想象接触能够显著减少认同威胁感;自我表露在想象接触和认同威胁感之间起中介作用。
[Abstract]:In a social environment with limited resources, two groups compete for their own survival and development. When one group seriously hinders another group from reaching its self-goal, a sense of inter-group threat arises.Inter-group threats are considered to be a major cause of inter-group threats and obstacles to peace.A series of negative emotional, cognitive and behavioral responses will be produced when the group members feel the inter-group threat, thus exacerbating the inter-group conflict.After integrating the existing theory of inter-group threat, Zhang ZM and others classified it into three categories: realistic threat, cultural threat and identity threat.How to reduce the negative effects of inter-group threats has been the focus of psychologists and sociologists.Among the strategies to improve inter-group relations, inter-group contact has always been a very effective method. As the latest theory of inter-group contact, inter-group contact provides a new way of thinking for the highly isolated social environment.Current studies have shown that imaginary exposure can significantly reduce inter-group bias, improve inter-group attitudes, increase inter-group engagement willingness and reduce inter-group threat.But is imaginary exposure still effective in reducing the perception of three intergroup threats, with vulnerable groups as the inner group?What role does self-disclosure play in it?Three experiments will be set up in this experiment.Experiment one mainly discusses whether imaginative contact can significantly reduce the sense of realistic threat.This experiment adopts the single factor design between the subjects, the independent variable is divided into the imagination contact and the general imagination two levels, the Sichuan normal University graduates are set as the inner group, the other colleges and universities come to Chengdu to obtain employment the student as the outside group,The level of realistic threat and the degree of self-disclosure were measured.The experimental results show that imaginary contact has a significant effect on reducing the sense of realistic threat, and self-disclosure plays an intermediary role in reducing the sense of cultural threat.Experiment two explores whether imaginative exposure can significantly reduce the sense of cultural threat.The subjects' sense of cultural threat and degree of self-disclosure were measured.The results show that positive imaginary contact can significantly reduce the sense of cultural threat, and self-disclosure plays an intermediary role in reducing the sense of cultural threat.Experiment three mainly discusses whether imaginative contact can significantly reduce the sense of identity threat.This experiment adopts the design of single factor subjects, the independent variable is divided into two levels: imagination contact and general imagination. The college students who are worried about being stigmatized in seeking psychological counseling are the inner group and the general population as the target and exterior group.The participants' sense of identity, threat and self-disclosure were measured.The experimental results show that imaginary exposure can significantly reduce the sense of identity threat, and self-disclosure plays an intermediary role between imaginary contact and identity threat.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848

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