焦虑对大学生情绪调节灵活性的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 15:03

本文选题：大学生　切入点：焦虑　出处：《贵州师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：情绪调节灵活性对于个体的身心健康发展意义重大,是目前情绪调节领域的一个重要研究方向。情绪调节灵活性既是个体灵活选择情绪调节策略的能力,也是对策略选择的过程,主要聚焦于灵活选择情绪的策略及情绪调节目标。情绪调节灵活性良好的个体能够根据情境变化要求把适宜的策略应用到适宜的情境中,同时也能灵活地选择情绪调节目标,总体上表现出较高的情绪调节灵活性水平,促使个体的认知和行为更趋于合理且更有益身心健康。但情绪调节灵活性并非生而俱有,在其发展过程中与诸多影响因素相互作用,其中,个体的基本情绪便是一种重要的背景因素,如,焦虑情绪状态。个体的焦虑状态如何影响其情绪调节灵活性?本研究结合情绪调节策略与情绪调节目标两种研究视角,采用两个独立的实验范式,针对这一问题进行探究,旨在进一步了解情绪调节灵活性的影响机制。本研究被试来自贵州省某两所大学在校大学生,其中,实验一的有效被试为91人(男生44人,女生47人),实验二的有效被试为94人(男生47人,女生47人),所有被试视力或矫正视力正常,均为右利手,对计算机操作熟练,均从未参加过同类实验。实验一采用基于绩效的情绪调节策略灵活性范式,从策略角度探讨了焦虑对情绪调节灵活性的影响。结果表明:以SAM(Self-Assessment Manikin)量表所反映的唤醒水平作为因变量,在不同强度负性情绪这个自变量上主效应显著(F(1,88)=12.984,P=0.0010.01,ηp2=0.129),情绪强度与情绪调节策略的交互作用不显著;以对SAM量表作答的反应时为因变量,在不同情绪调节策略这个自变量上主效应显著(F(1,88)=12.981,p=0.0010.01,ηp2=0.129)。实验二采用有/无预期的情绪调节灵活性范式,从目标角度探讨了焦虑对情绪调节灵活性的影响。结果表明:以被试的错误率为因变量,有/无预期线索提示的主效应显著(F(1,91)=45.622,P0.001,ηp2=0.334),在无预期的线索提示下,被试反应的错误率显著高于有预期线索提示下的错误率(M无预期=0.33,M有预期=0.21),不同焦虑水平主效应显著(F(2,91)=3.489,p0.05,ηp2=0.071);以被试对情绪图片的反应时(ms)作为因变量,有/无预期线索提示的主效应显著(F(1,91)=20.182,P0.001,ηp2=0.182)。研究结论:1.低焦虑水平个体在低负性刺激的状态下在情绪调节策略上更倾向于使用认知重评;2.中度或高焦虑水平的个体在情绪调节目标上倾向于要有明确的目标,不确定性不耐受性较高。
[Abstract]:Emotional regulation flexibility is of great significance for the development of individual physical and mental health, and is an important research direction in the field of emotional regulation.The agility of emotion regulation is not only the ability of the individual to choose the emotion regulation strategy, but also the process of the choice of the strategy, which mainly focuses on the strategy of the flexible choice of emotion and the goal of emotion regulation.Individuals with good emotional regulation flexibility can apply the appropriate strategies to the appropriate situation according to the requirements of the situation change, and can also flexibly select the emotional regulation goals, which generally show a higher level of emotional regulation flexibility.Promote individual cognition and behavior to be more rational and more beneficial to physical and mental health.However, the flexibility of emotion regulation is not always born, and it interacts with many influential factors during its development. Among them, the individual's basic emotion is an important background factor, such as anxiety state.How does an individual's anxiety affect its emotional regulation flexibility?This study combines the two perspectives of emotion regulation strategy and emotion regulation goal and adopts two independent experimental paradigms to explore this problem in order to further understand the influence mechanism of emotion regulation flexibility.In this study, 91 subjects (44 males, 47 females) and 94 subjects (47 males, 47 males) from two universities in Guizhou province were enrolled in this study.There were 47 female students with normal visual acuity or corrected visual acuity, all of them were right-handed, proficient in computer operation, and had never participated in the same kind of experiment.In experiment 1, the effect of anxiety on emotional regulation flexibility was discussed from the perspective of strategy by using performance-based paradigm of emotional regulation strategy flexibility.The results showed that with the arousal level reflected in SAM(Self-Assessment Manikin scale as dependent variable, the main effect on the independent variable of negative emotion with different intensities was significantly higher than that of FF1888.984PX 0.0010.01, 畏 p2P 0.129, and the interaction between emotional intensity and emotion regulation strategy was not significant.Taking the response time to the SAM scale as the dependent variable, the main effect on the independent variable of different emotion regulation strategies was significant (F 1 / 88 / 12.981 / p = 0.0010.01, 畏 p _ (2) = 0.129).In experiment 2, the effect of anxiety on emotional regulation flexibility was discussed from the perspective of goal using the paradigm of emotional regulation flexibility with or without expectation.The results showed that with the error rate of the subjects as dependent variable, the main effect with or without expected cues was significant (45.622p 0.001, 畏 p2n 0.334g).The main effects with or without expected cues were significant (P 0.001, 畏 p2 + 0.182).Conclusion: 1.Individuals with low anxiety level were more likely to use cognitive reassessment in emotion regulation strategies under low negative stimuli.Individuals with moderate or high level of anxiety tend to have clear goals and higher tolerance of uncertainty.
【学位授予单位】：贵州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.6

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