不同类型数学任务的PASS认知加工发展特点

发布时间：2018-04-19 05:30

本文选题：计划-注意-同时性加工-继时性加工(PASS)过程 + 数学推理　；参考：《心理科学》2016年06期

【摘要】：PASS理论是由Das和Naglieri提出的关于智力理论的一种认知过程理论。研究采用以PASS理论为基础编制而成的认知评估系统(第二版简版,CAS-2B)为研究工具,选取226名二年级、四年级以及七年级的学生,探讨PASS过程在数学计算流畅性,数学问题解决及数学推理等不同数学任务中的作用。研究结果显示:PASS模型各过程在三个年级的不同数学任务上各有侧重。在数学推理任务中,同时性加工对三个年级的数学推理任务预测显著,解释率为15%~17%,注意过程只在二年级对学生的数学推理任务预测;在数学计算流畅性任务中,注意过程随着年级的升高,其预测作用逐渐减退,解释率为5%~24%,计划功能的作用随年级的升高而逐渐突显;在数学问题解决任务中,继时性加工与注意功能对二年级预测显著,四年级时突显了计划和同时性加工的作用。不同复杂性的数学任务具有不同的认知特点,编码加工过程对于较复杂数学任务作用明显;计划与注意过程对简单数学任务作用明显。研究结果为今后不同年级学生开展有针对性的数学训练提供了理论基础。
[Abstract]:PASS theory is a cognitive process theory about intelligence theory put forward by Das and Naglieri.A cognitive assessment system (CAS-2B) based on PASS theory was used to study the mathematical fluency of PASS process in 226 students of grade 2, grade 4 and grade 7.The role of mathematical problem solving and mathematical reasoning in different mathematical tasks.The results show that each process of the weight pass model has its own emphasis on different math tasks in three grades.In the task of mathematical reasoning, simultaneous processing predicts the mathematical reasoning tasks of three grades significantly, with an interpretation rate of 15 and 17, and the attention process only predicts the mathematical reasoning tasks of the students in the second grade, while in the mathematical calculation fluency task, the process of attention is only used to predict the mathematical reasoning tasks of the students in the second grade.With the increase of grade, the predictive function of the attention process gradually decreased, the interpretation rate was 50.24%, and the function of planning function became more and more obvious with the increase of grade, in the mathematics problem solving task, the following processing and attention function were significant in the prediction of grade two.The fourth grade highlighted the role of planning and simultaneous processing.Different complex mathematical tasks have different cognitive characteristics, coding process plays a significant role in more complex mathematical tasks, and planning and attention processes play a significant role in simple mathematical tasks.The results provide a theoretical basis for future mathematical training of students of different grades.
【作者单位】：上海师范大学教育学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31600906) 2016年上海市教育科学研究一般项目(C16011) 2016年上海市浦江人才计划(16PJC070)的资助
【分类号】：B842.1

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