社会阶层对不诚实行为的影响：一个有中介的调节模型

发布时间：2018-04-19 12:24

本文选题：社会阶层 + 系统合理信念　；参考：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：不诚实行为指的是表里不一、虚假的行为,常见的形式有作弊和欺诈等。近年来,媒体虽然不时曝光出极端的诈骗案件,但对人们日常生活中所做不诚实行为的关注则较少。然而,正是这些日常生活中的不诚实行为给社会造成了大量的损失。尽管不诚实行为在社会中是广泛分布的,但已有一些研究发现,处于较高社会阶层的个体倾向于做出更多不诚实行为。另一方面,根据相对剥夺理论,较低阶层者也可能倾向于做出更多不诚实行为。那么,社会阶层与不诚实行为之间的关系到底为何?其关系背后又存在着何种心理机制在起作用?另外,是否存在其他因素能够调节社会阶层与不诚实行为的关系?这些问题即是本研究所要考察的。通过对过往相关文献的总结,本研究建构了一个有中介的调节模型,并设计了两个研究来检验这一理论模型。研究一为相关研究,在社会人士中考察社会阶层与系统合理信念对应得感和不诚实行为的预测作用及过程。通过网络发放问卷,共得到有效样本669名。问卷所用量表包括客观社会阶层量表、系统合理化量表、心理权利量表以及HEXACO大六人格量表中的诚实/谦虚子量表。数据分析的结果支持了有中介的调节模型。具体来说,系统合理信念能够调节社会阶层与应得感,社会阶层与不诚实行为之间的关系。并且,当系统合理信念较高时,个体的社会阶层越高,则其应得感越高,进而其不诚实行为水平也越高;当系统合理信念较低时,这种效应不显著。研究二为实验研究,旨在检验模型中变量之间的因果关系。首先对62名被试进行预实验,证实自编的系统合理信念操纵材料的有效性。接着以128名高校学生为被试,开始正式实验,采用2 (被试阶层:高、低)X2 (系统合理信念:高、低)组间设计,分别操纵被试的主观社会阶层与系统合理信念,接着测量其应得感与不诚实行为。其中,不诚实行为测量采用的是掷骰子任务。结果未能完全支持有中介的调节模型,而仅证实了系统合理信念能够显著调节社会阶层与应得感的关系。这可能是不诚实行为的测量敏感性不够所导致的。综合来看,本研究所得的结论仍旧具有一定的理论与现实意义。
[Abstract]:Dishonesty refers to inconsistency, false behavior, common forms of cheating and fraud. In recent years, although the media have been exposed to extreme fraud in recent years, there is less attention to dishonesty in people's daily life. However, it is the dishonesty in these daily lives that has caused a lot of damage to the society. Loss. Although dishonesty is widely distributed in society, some studies have found that individuals in higher social strata tend to make more dishonesty. On the other hand, the lower class may also tend to make more dishonesty according to the theory of relative deprivation. Then, between social class and dishonesty What is the relationship behind the relationship? What is the psychological mechanism behind its relationship? In addition, is there any other factors that can regulate the relationship between social stratum and dishonest behavior? These are the problems to be examined. Two studies have been carried out to test the theoretical model. First, the study examines the role and process of the social strata and the system's rational belief in the prediction and process of dishonest behavior. A total of 669 effective samples are obtained through the network distribution questionnaire. The questionnaire includes the objective social stratum scale and the system rationalization. The scale, the mental rights scale and the honest / modest subscale in the HEXACO large six person scale. The results of the data analysis support a mediating adjustment model. In particular, the system's reasonable beliefs can regulate the relationship between social stratum and the sense of response, social stratum and dishonest behavior. And, when the system's reasonable belief is higher, the individual is more reasonable. The higher the social class, the higher the sense of acceptance, and the higher the level of dishonest behavior. When the reasonable belief of the system is low, the effect is not significant. The second is the experimental study, which aims to test the causal relationship between the variables in the model. First, the 62 subjects are tested to verify that the self compiled system of rational belief manipulation materials has been verified. Then, 128 college students were tested to start a formal experiment, using 2 (the subjects: high, low) X2 (system reasonable belief: high, low) group design to manipulate the subjective social stratum and the rational belief of the subjects, and then measure their sense of acceptance and dishonesty. The results failed to fully support the mediating regulation model, but only confirmed that the rational belief of the system could significantly regulate the relationship between social stratum and the sense of response. This may be the result of the lack of sensitivity of dishonest behavior.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2

【参考文献】