大学生权力感对助人行为的影响：调节效应和中介效应的分析

发布时间：2018-04-22 02:13

本文选题：权力 + 助人行为　；参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：助人行为(helping behavior)是指不论个体的行为动机如何,凡是能够给他人提供帮助或是增进他人福祉的行为,它是亲社会行为的一种重要表现形式;助人行为为个体创设了与他人建立积极社会关系的舞台,是贯穿个体一生行为系统的重要领域。助人行为不仅对个体的发展有着积极的影响对整个社会文明、和谐、繁荣都有着重要的作用。而权力被看作是社会关系的核心因素,在日常生活中塑造着个体的行为。权力通常会使个体更加的关注自己,注重与自我利益相关的行为,减少助人行为的发生,但同时权力又会激活个人内在特质的表达,因此权力对助人行为的影响可能会受到个体内在利他特质的调节。宜人性作为典型的一种利他特质可能会调节权力对助人行为的影响。共情通常被认为是导致助人行为发生的直接因素,因此宜人性可能会通过共情中介的作用调节权力对助人行为的影响。国内有关权力与助人行为的研究较少,且多采用问卷调查的方式探究两者的关系,缺乏实证的研究,而且较少有研究同时考察个体的一般权力感和实验操纵下的状态权力对助人行为的影响;同时权力与助人行为的关系存在不一致性,为了探讨各研究结果的不一致性,本研究加入宜人性这一调节变量,同时探讨权力对助人行为影响的中间机制。研究1采用问卷调查方法首先探讨个体一般权力感对助人行为的影响以及宜人性的调节作用;研究2为了提高研究1结果的内部效度通过操纵被试的权力感(即状态权力)检验情景中的状态权力对助人行为的影响以及宜人性的调节作用;研究3在研究2的基础上进一步检验共情的中介作用;研究结果表明:(1)权力对助人行为具有负向预测的作用,随着权力的增高个体的助人行为呈现下降的趋势;(2)宜人性能够影响助人行为,具体来讲高宜人性个体比低宜人性个体做出更多的助人行为;(3)宜人性能够调节权力对助人行为的影响,具体表现为:当个体的宜人性水平较高时,权力对助人行为的预测作用不显著;而当个体宜人性水平较低时,权力对助人行为有显著的负向预测作用;(4)宜人性通过调节共情这一中介变量进而调节权力对助人行为的影响;
[Abstract]:Helping behavior is an important form of prosocial behavior that can help or promote the well-being of others, regardless of the individual's motivation. Helpful behavior creates a stage for individuals to establish positive social relations with others, and it is an important field running through individual life behavior system. Helpful behavior not only has a positive effect on individual development, but also plays an important role in the civilization, harmony and prosperity of the whole society. Power is regarded as the core factor of social relations and shapes individual behavior in daily life. Power usually makes individuals pay more attention to themselves, pay attention to behaviors related to their own interests, and reduce the occurrence of helping others, but at the same time, power activates the expression of individual's intrinsic characteristics. Therefore, the influence of power on helping behavior may be regulated by an individual's inner altruism. As a typical altruistic trait, amenity may regulate the influence of power on helping behavior. Empathy is usually considered to be the direct factor leading to the behavior of helping others, so the human nature may regulate the influence of power on helping behavior through the role of empathy intermediary. There are few researches on power and helping others in China, and most of them use questionnaire to explore the relationship between the two, and lack of empirical research. Moreover, there are few studies on the influence of individual's general sense of power and state power under experimental manipulation on the behavior of helping others, and the relationship between power and helping behavior is inconsistent, in order to explore the inconsistency of the research results, In this study, the moderating variable of human nature was added, and the intermediate mechanism of the influence of power on helping behavior was discussed. Firstly, the influence of individual's general sense of power on helping behavior and the moderating effect of human nature were discussed by questionnaire. In order to improve the internal validity of the results of study 1, study 2 examined the influence of state power on helping behavior and the moderating effect of human nature by manipulating the subjects' sense of power (i.e., state power); On the basis of study 2, study 3 further tests the mediating role of empathy, and the results show that power has a negative predictive effect on the behavior of helping others. With the increase of power, the individual's behavior of helping others shows a downward trend. (2) the human nature of comfort can influence the behavior of helping others. Specifically speaking, the individual of high suitably human nature makes more helpful behavior than the individual of low suitably humanity. (3) the human nature of humanity can regulate the influence of power on the behavior of helping others, and the concrete manifestation is: when the level of suitably human nature of individual is higher, Power does not have significant predictive effect on helping behavior, but when the level of individual suitably human nature is low, power has a significant negative predictive effect on helping behavior. (4) proper humanity adjusts the influence of power on helping behavior by adjusting the intermediary variable of empathy.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848

【参考文献】