反刻板印象信息对男性刻板印象的影响及比较思维的调节作用

发布时间：2018-04-25 12:06

本文选题：性别刻板印象 + 反刻板信息　；参考：《华中师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：刻板印象是生活中最普遍存在的社会现象,它是指我们对某个特定群体或社会阶层的成员共有的特征所持的观点。性别刻板印象是刻板印象的一种表现形式,它是指人们对特定群体或社会系统中的不同性别在行为、人格特征等方面的固定看法或信念。前人对刻板印象的研究大致分为两个阶段：第一个阶段是探讨刻板印象是稳固的还是可以改变的知识结构。越来越多的研究结果发现刻板印象虽然有一定的顽固性,但并不是完全不可变的；研究的第二个阶段主要集中于探索能使刻板印象发生改变或降低人们使用刻板信息可能性的因素。反刻板信息作为降低刻板印象的有效情境策略近些年来引起了研究者们的研究热情,而将反刻板信息细分为反刻板特质与反刻板行为来考察他们对刻板印象改变的影响是己有研究未涉及的。同时将反刻板信息这种环境因素与比较思维这一认知因素相结合,考察他们对刻板印象的改变是否存在交互影响也是前所未有的。本研究主要分为了三个研究进行：预研究采用问卷法结合前人研究首先生成了男性女性典型刻板印象特质,根据特质收集对应的行为,并对行为与特质的对应程度进行评定,最终生成八个女性刻板印象特质与八个刻板印象行为,将其与典型男性姓名相联系,生成后续实验所需的反男性性别刻板印象特质以及反男性刻板印象行为材料,最后对特质和材料进行典型性和喜好度的评定,排除这两个额外因素对因变量可能存在的影响。研究一通过单类别内隐联想测验考察不同的反刻板印象信息对内隐男性刻板印象的影响是否不同。通过实验组和控制组的被试间设计,考察抽象和具体的反刻板信息对内隐男性刻板印象的影响,结果发现不同的反刻板信息对刻板印象改变的影响存在差异,具体的反刻板信息对男性刻板印象改变的影响更大。研究二通过2×2的被试间设计,考察不同思维条件下,不同的反刻板信息对刻板印象存在不同的影响。首先使用直接方式诱发被试的不同比较思维,接下来是不同反刻板印象信息的呈现,最后让被试填写因变量问卷。结果发现在差异性思维条件下,反刻板特质对刻板印象改变的影响更大；在相似性思维条件下,反刻板行为对刻板印象改变的影响更大。
[Abstract]:Stereotype is the most common social phenomenon in life. It refers to our views on the common characteristics of members of a particular group or social class. Gender stereotype is a form of expression of stereotype. It refers to people's fixed views or beliefs on the behavior and personality characteristics of different sexes in a particular group or social system. Previous researches on stereotype are divided into two stages: the first stage is to explore whether stereotype is firm or can change the knowledge structure. More and more studies have found that stereotype is not completely immutable, although it has some stubbornness. The second stage of the study mainly focuses on the factors that can change stereotype or reduce the possibility of using stereotype information. Anti-stereotype information as an effective situational strategy to reduce stereotype has aroused the enthusiasm of researchers in recent years. However, it has not been studied to subdivide the information of anti-stereotype into anti-stereotype and anti-stereotype to investigate their influence on the change of stereotype. At the same time, by combining the environmental factor of anti-stereotype information with the cognitive factor of comparative thinking, it is unprecedented to investigate whether there is interaction between them on the change of stereotype. This study is mainly divided into three studies: the pre-study using questionnaire method combined with previous studies to generate male and female stereotypical stereotypical trait, according to the characteristics of the collection of corresponding behavior, and to assess the degree of correspondence between behavior and trait. Finally, eight female stereotypical traits and eight stereotypical behaviors were generated, which were associated with typical male names, and the anti-male gender stereotype traits and anti-male stereotypical behavioral materials needed for follow-up experiments were generated. Finally, the characteristics and materials were evaluated for their typicality and preference, and the possible effects of these two additional factors on the dependent variables were excluded. In study one, the influence of different information on implicit male stereotype was investigated by single category implicit association test. The effects of abstract and concrete anti-stereotype information on the implicit male stereotype were investigated through the design between the experimental group and the control group. The results showed that there were differences in the influence of different anti-stereotype information on the change of stereotype. Specific anti-stereotype information has a greater impact on male stereotyping changes. In the second study, through the design of 2 脳 2 subjects, we investigated the different influence of different anti-stereotype information on stereotype under different thinking conditions. First, different comparative thinking was induced by direct way, then the information of different anti-stereotype was presented. Finally, the subjects were asked to fill out the dependent variable questionnaire. The results show that under the condition of different thinking, anti-stereotype has more influence on the change of stereotype, and under the condition of similar thinking, anti-stereotype has more influence on the change of stereotype.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：B842

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