情绪调节对中职生元刻板印象威胁影响的实验研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 09:48

本文选题：中职生 + 元刻板印象威胁　；参考：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：元刻板印象是指个体关于外群体成员对其所属群体所持刻板印象的信念或看法。消极元刻板印象的激活会导致群体成员的一种社会心理困境和认知不平衡状态,诱发压力和害怕体验,并损害其行为表现,研究者将其命名为元刻板印象威胁。近年来,对于如何减弱、消除元刻板印象威胁效应还缺乏深入探讨。在威胁情境中,情绪以及情绪调节过程起关键作用,有效的情绪调节策略可以减轻认知负荷,进而提高工作记忆效率。因此,本研究以中职生为对象,首先采用群际焦虑量表和点探测任务,分别从直接和间接测量层面探究消极元刻板印象激活对中职生情绪的影响(研究一),再以Gross的情绪调节过程模型为基础,采用句子整理任务和N-back任务范式,选取两种最常用和有价值的降低情绪反应的策略——认知重评(cognitive reappraisal)和表达抑制(expression suppression),并加入控制组作为对照,探究不同情绪调节策略对元刻板印象威胁下中职生工作记忆的影响(研究二)。结果发现:(1)威胁组被试和控制组被试的群际焦虑水平无显著差异(直接测量);(2)威胁组被试对威胁刺激的注意偏向显著大于控制组被试(间接测量);(3)元刻板印象威胁情境中,不同情绪调节策略组别的被试的工作记忆成绩存在显著差异,且随任务难度的不同而不同:(1)在正确率维度:在0-back工作记忆任务中,三组被试的正确率无显著差异;在1-back工作记忆任务中,认知重评组正确率显著大于表达抑制组,边缘显著大于控制组(p=0.056),控制组与表达抑制组无显著差异;在2-back工作记忆任务中,认知重评组和控制组均显著大于表达抑制组,认知重评组与控制组差异不显著。(2)在反应时维度:0-back工作记忆任务反应时显著低于1-back工作记忆和2-back工作记忆任务反应时;1-back工作记忆任务与2-back工作记忆任务反应时无显著差异。
[Abstract]:Meta-stereotype refers to the individual's belief or opinion about the stereotype held by the members of the external group on the group to which they belong. The activation of negative meta-stereotype will lead to a kind of social psychological predicament and cognitive imbalance of group members, induce stress and fear of experience, and damage their behavior performance, which is named as the threat of meta-stereotype by researchers. In recent years, how to weaken, eliminate the threat of stereotype effect is still lack of in-depth discussion. Emotion and emotion regulation play a key role in threat situations. Effective emotion regulation strategies can reduce the cognitive load and improve the efficiency of working memory. Therefore, in this study, the secondary vocational students were selected as subjects. First, the intergroup anxiety scale and the point detection task were used. The effects of activation of negative meta-stereotype on secondary vocational students' emotion were investigated from direct and indirect measurement levels. (1) on the basis of Gross's model of emotional regulation process, sentence sorting task and N-back task paradigm were adopted. Two of the most commonly used and valuable strategies to reduce emotional response-cognitive reappraisal and expression suppressionation-were selected and added to the control group. To explore the influence of different emotion regulation strategies on the working memory of secondary vocational school students under the threat of meta-stereotype. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the level of inter-group anxiety between the threat group and the control group. The attention bias of the threat group to the threat stimulus was significantly higher than that of the control group. The scores of working memory of the subjects in different emotional regulation strategy groups were significantly different, and the accuracy of the three groups was not significantly different from that of the three groups in the 0-back task of working memory. In the task of working memory of 1-back, the correct rate of cognitive reassessment group was significantly higher than that of expression inhibition group, and the margin was significantly larger than that of control group. There was no significant difference between control group and expression inhibition group. Cognitive reassessment group and control group were significantly larger than those of expression inhibition group. There was no significant difference between the cognitive reassessment group and the control group. (2) there was no significant difference in the response time between the working memory task of 1-back and the working memory task response of 2-back and that of working memory task in 2-back.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.6

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