RSVP任务中注意对面孔身份加工的影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 20:28

本文选题：面孔身份加工 + RSVP　；参考：《苏州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：大量研究已经从神经机制等方面揭示了面孔身份和表情加工的一些重要特点。但是注意与面孔加工的关系还没有得到充分研究，并且至今仍然存在较大的争议。目前对注意与面孔加工关系的研究主要从注意的空间角度入手，考察注意对面孔加工的影响，通常采用的范式是视觉搜索任务，然而这种范式无法考察注意时间维度方面对面孔身份加工的影响。为了进一步揭示注意与面孔身份加工的关系，我们通过快速序列视觉呈现范式任务进行行为实验和ERP实验，从时间维度考察注意对面孔身份加工的影响。本研究得到了如下结论：（1）面孔作为特殊意义的刺激，在快速序列视觉呈现任务中能够出更准确的被被试识别，同时会诱发比非面孔图片更大的P1、VPP、N170、P3成分和潜伏期更短的N1波幅。（2）在快速序列视觉呈现任务中，面孔和非面孔图片都出现了注意瞬脱现象，表明面孔加工与其他相同复杂的刺激类型一样，都需要注意的参与。（3）与非面孔图片相比，P1和N1成分对面孔身份图片更加敏感，表明对面孔的加工从注意早期选择阶段开始就与其他类型刺激有所不同。（4）P3成分受到注意资源调节的影响，注意资源越紧缺任务越难，P3成分波幅越小，双任务和长时间隔条件比单任务和短时间隔条件诱发的P3成分波幅更小。（5）面孔身份加工中的N170、VPP成分对注意资源的变化非常敏感，N170和VPP的波幅和潜伏期都受到间隔的影响，N170波幅同时还受到单、双任务的影响，注意资源相对充足的条件下会诱发更大的VPP和N170波幅以及更短的潜伏期，说明注意资源对面孔的加工产生了很大的影响，注意资源的缺乏会导致对面孔结构编码更加困难。
[Abstract]:A large number of studies have revealed some important features of facial identity and facial expression processing. However, the relationship between attention and face processing has not been fully studied, and is still controversial. At present, the research on the relationship between attention and face processing mainly starts from the spatial perspective of attention, and examines the influence of attention on the processing of opposite holes. The normal paradigm is visual search task. However, this paradigm cannot examine the effect of time dimension on face identity processing. In order to further reveal the relationship between attention and face identity processing, we conduct behavioral experiments and ERP experiments through fast sequence visual presentation paradigm tasks to investigate the effects of attention on face identity processing from the time dimension. The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) as a special stimulus, the face can be identified more accurately in the task of fast sequence visual presentation, and it can also induce a larger P1VPPN170 P3 component and a shorter N1 wave amplitude than the non-face image. (2) in the task of fast sequence visual presentation, both face and non-face images show attention transient phenomenon, which indicates that face processing needs attention participation just like other complex stimuli. (3) compared with non-face images, P1 and N1 components are more sensitive to face identity images, indicating that the processing of faces is different from other types of stimuli from the early stage of attention selection. The P3 component is affected by the regulation of attention resources. The more scarce the attention resources, the more difficult it is to reduce the amplitude of P3 component. The amplitude of P3 component is smaller under the condition of double task and long time interval than that induced by single task and short time interval. (5) the N170 VPP component in face identity processing is very sensitive to the change of attention resources. Both the amplitude and latency of N170 and VPP are affected by the interval and the amplitude of N170 is also affected by single and double tasks. Attention resources can induce larger VPP and N170 amplitudes and shorter latencies, which indicates that attention resources have a great influence on face processing, and the lack of attention resources will make it more difficult to encode face structure.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

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