大学生心理复原力与自我图式的关系研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 21:44

本文选题：心理复原力 + 自我图式　；参考：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：心理复原力(resilience)是在经历生活逆境或困境(adversity)时仍能表现出积极适应的一种能力,并强调个体与环境诸要素相互作用的发展过程。在积极心理学和认知心理学背景下,国内开始关注到心理复原力的认知特点和机制研究。认知心理学中图式(schema)是一个重要概念,是信息储存的心理结构,受到环境、文化、个体经验和生活事件的影响。国外已开始关注积极的自我图式与积极心理品质、心理健康等的关系,而国内少有人注意到积极图式。另外,对于心理复原力和自我图式的研究主要集中于消极应激事件。有研究指出,生活琐事(everyday hassles)的事件发生率比高强度负性事件更高,更容易让个体不堪重负。因此,以生态研究取向考察大学生日常琐事造成的心理压力与心理复原力及其积极自我图式是一个新的视角。期望通过考察与心理复原相关的积极图式及其认知特点,为心理复原力认知研究及其干预和其他实践应用提供科学依据。本研究以大学生群体为研究对象,采用调查法、实验法和纵向追踪方法,着重探讨了大学生心理复原力与积极图式和消极图式的关系、心理复原力主题下的具体图式(人际图式、效能图式))与焦虑、抑郁主题的消极图式的比较,最后检验积极图式的稳定性及其对不同取向心理复原力和心理健康指标的预测能力。研究结果表明:1、翻译修订的积极图式问卷(PSQ-C)具有良好的信度、效度和结构效度,对我国文化背景的大学生群体的图式测量具有一定适用性。2、从各研究成果和词汇库中选取的图式主题词汇经检验,对相应主题的关联度和对不同主题之间的区分度均较好,可以作为图式实验的可靠材料。3、积极图式对心理复原力和抑郁均有较好的预测作用,且积极图式预测能力强于消极图式,其共同预测的能力最好。4、单独的消极图式不能预测心理复原力。5、积极图式和消极图式均对抑郁有较好预测作用,消极图式预测能力强于积极图式,不能共同对焦虑进行预测。6、积极图式和消极图式并非完全对立,且易受文化影响。7、存在心理复原力主题的积极图式,其中认可量、反应时是其有力的预测指标,再认量和正确再认量指标不灵敏。8、不同特质被试可以具有多个不同主题的自我图式,且普遍存在较高水平的焦虑图式。9、心理复原力组、焦虑组均存在心理复原力图式,抑郁组未发现效能图式。10、以心理距离为指标,三组被试中均存在心理复原力主题的积极图式。11、从总体上看,积极图式较消极图式更加稳定性。12、特质心理复原力与动态心理复原力不同,积极图式不能有效预测动态复原力。
[Abstract]:Resilience (resilience) is a kind of ability that can still show positive adaptation in the experience of life adversity or predicament, and emphasizes the development process of interaction between individual and environmental factors. Under the background of positive psychology and cognitive psychology, attention has been paid to the cognitive characteristics and mechanism of psychological resilience. Schema is an important concept in cognitive psychology, which is the psychological structure of information storage, which is influenced by environment, culture, individual experience and life events. Foreign countries have begun to pay attention to the relationship between positive self-schema and positive psychological quality, mental health, etc. In addition, the study of resilience and self-schema focuses on negative stress events. Studies have shown that the incidence of events in everyday hassles is higher than that in high-intensity negative events, and that individuals are more likely to overburden themselves. Therefore, it is a new angle of view to investigate the psychological pressure, resilience and active self-schema of college students caused by daily trivialities in the direction of ecological research. It is expected to provide a scientific basis for the cognitive research of resilience and its intervention and other practical applications by examining the positive schemata and their cognitive characteristics related to psychological recovery. This study focuses on the relationship between college students' psychological resilience and positive schema and negative schema by means of investigation, experiment and longitudinal tracing. The comparison between specific schemata (interpersonal schema, efficacy schema) and negative schemata of anxiety and depression under the theme of resilience. Finally, the stability of active schema and its ability to predict psychological resilience and mental health indicators of different orientations are tested. The results show that the revised positive Schema questionnaire (PSQ-C-) has good reliability, validity and structural validity. The schemata measurement of college students with cultural background in our country has certain applicability. The schemata topic vocabulary selected from each research result and vocabulary database is tested, and the correlation degree of the corresponding topic and the distinction between different themes are better. It can be used as a reliable material for schema experiment. The positive schema has a good predictive effect on psychological resilience and depression, and the positive schema is better than the negative schema in predicting mental resilience and depression. The ability of common prediction is the best. The negative schema alone can not predict psychological resilience. Both positive schema and negative schema can predict depression, and negative schema is better than positive schema in predicting depression. The anxiety can not be predicted together. The positive schema and negative schema are not completely opposite, and vulnerable to cultural influence. There are positive schemata of psychological resilience, in which the amount of recognition and the reaction time are the powerful predictors. The index of recognition and correct recognition was not sensitive. 8. The subjects with different traits could have multiple self-schemas with different themes, and there was a high level of anxiety schema .9. the group of psychological resilience and the group of anxiety had the style of trying to recover. The depression group did not find the efficacy schema .10, taking the psychological distance as the index, all the three groups had positive schema .11of the subject of psychological resilience. The positive schema is more stable than the negative schema. The trait psychological resilience is different from the dynamic mental resilience, and the active schema can not effectively predict the dynamic resilience.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2

【参考文献】