运用自然数码奇象记忆法记忆化学元素周期表的ERP研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 12:12

本文选题：自然数码奇象记忆 + 化学元素名称　；参考：《贵州师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：“捆绑”是一种重要的认知加工。当人们记忆数量多、顺序性强、复杂的材料时,普遍存在遗忘、前摄和倒摄抑制现象,人们只有将知觉到的事物各方面特征联结为一个整体,才能够在需要的时候准确地提取信息,并有效地解决问题。自然数码奇象记忆有两次“捆绑”:(1)从1开始至100的有序数字与其相似物象的牢固捆绑,形成有顺序的数序形象挂钩;(2)数序形象挂钩与识记材料的数序奇象或谐音奇象捆绑,有利于显著提高有关材料的记忆效率。前人的行为研究已表明奇象记忆法(NNMIM)能显著提高人的记忆成绩,近年来奇象记忆的研究也涉及到认知神经领域。张旭以抽象词和具体词为识记材料,研究了不同记忆方法在编码阶段的神经机制;刘国艳以复杂数字(圆周率数字)为材料(属于领域内项目间联结材料),研究了不同记忆方法在提取阶段的神经机制,他们的研究加深了人们对奇象记忆神经机制的了解。然而,联结材料和研究范式的不同,不同记忆方法的运用会诱发何种ERP成分,有待研究。本研究使用事件相关电位技术,以数字-化学元素名称为材料(属于跨领域项目间联结记忆),以之探测不同记忆方法在提取阶段的神经机制。采用联结再认三键范式,2种记忆方法(机械记忆、奇象记忆)×3反应类型(相同、重组、新)混合实验设计,考察大学生用两种不同的记忆方法在提取阶段的正确率、反应时及神经机制。主要结果如下:(1)奇象记忆组的正确率显著高于机械记忆。(2)奇象记忆的反应时低于机械记忆,且“新”的反应时显著低于“相同”和“重组”。(3)与奇象记忆相比,机械记忆诱发了更负N400波幅,且脑区分布更广,表明机械记忆组被试进行了更多的语义加工。(4)N700波幅的显著性差异主要存在于中央顶区、顶区和枕区,且从波形上可以看出,在奇象记忆条件下“相同”反应在这几个脑区诱发了显著的N700。(5)“相同/重组”新旧效应比“相同/新”新旧效应和“重组/新”新旧效应激活的脑区分布更广,表明“相同/重组”新旧效应有更明显的回忆加工。
[Abstract]:Bundling is an important cognitive process. When people have a large amount of memory, a strong sequence of materials, complex materials, there is widespread forgetfulness, proactive and proactive suppression phenomenon, people can only feel the various characteristics of things into a whole, In order to be able to accurately extract information when needed, and effectively solve the problem. The natural digital odd image memory has twice been "bundled": 1) the ordered number from 1 to 100 is firmly tied to its similar object image, forming a sequenced digital image link / 2) the digital order image is tied to the digital odd image or the homophonic odd image of the memorizing material, and the digital order odd image or the homophonic odd image of the memorizing material are tied together. It is beneficial to improve the memory efficiency of related materials. Previous behavioral studies have shown that odd image memory (NNMIM) can significantly improve the performance of human memory. In recent years, the study of odd image memory also involves the field of cognitive nerve. Zhang Xu used abstract words and concrete words as memorizing materials to study the neural mechanism of different memory methods in coding stage. Liu Guoyan uses complex numbers (circular ratio figures) as materials (which belong to interproject materials in the field) to study the neural mechanism of different memory methods in the extraction stage. Their research has deepened the understanding of the neural mechanism of odd-image memory. However, what ERP components will be induced by the use of different memory methods with different connective materials and research paradigms remains to be studied. In this study, event-related potential technique was used to detect the neural mechanism of different memory methods in the extraction stage by using the names of digital-chemical elements as materials. Two memory methods (mechanical memory, odd image memory) 脳 3 reaction type (same, recombination, new) were used to study the accuracy of two different memory methods in the extraction stage of college students by using the associative recognition three bond paradigm and two kinds of memory methods (mechanical memory, odd image memory) 脳 3 reaction type (same, recombination, new). Reaction time and neural mechanism. The main results were as follows: (1) the correct rate of odd image memory group was significantly higher than that of mechanical memory. 2) the reaction time of odd image memory was significantly lower than that of mechanical memory, and the response time of "new" memory was significantly lower than that of "same" and "recombination". Mechanical memory induced more negative N400 amplitude and wider distribution of brain area, indicating that the significant difference of N700 amplitude was mainly found in the central parietal region, parietal region and occipital region in the mechanical memory group, and it could be seen from the waveform that there were significant differences in the amplitude of N400 wave in the central parietal region, parietal region and occipital region in the mechanical memory group. Under odd-like memory condition, the "same" response induced a significant N700. 5) the "same / recombination" effect was more widely distributed in these brain regions than the "same / new" effect and the "recombination / new" effect. The results showed that the new and old effects of "same / recombination" had more obvious recall processing.
【学位授予单位】：贵州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.3

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