情境一致性在物体类别判断中的作用

发布时间：2018-05-25 14:39

  本文选题：情境 + 一致性　； 参考：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：物体分类可以发生在不同的抽象水平。有研究表明,视觉系统对基本类别水平的信息(比如狗)的加工速度比下级类别水平(如狮子狗)和上级类别水平信息(比如动物)的速度更快。然而也有一些研究发现,上级类别水平的信息加工速度比基本水平更快。这些研究都采用了真实场景的图片进行研究,在兼顾了生态效度的同时都引入了额外的情境变量。在本研究中我们将探讨物体与场景的关系对物体类别判断产生的影响。本实验采用迫选眼跳范式,这个范式中目标项和干扰项在每个试次同时出现,被试必须尽快扫视图片,并基于不同的分类任务注视到包含目标的图片上。本研究通过四个实验来考察物体类别判断的优势水平,并探讨情境在物体分类中的作用。实验一发现,在控制情境因素之后,仍然存在上级水平优势。实验二、三、四中,我们操纵情境因素来研究物体类别判断。实验二研究语义一致性对物体类别判断的影响,发现在基本水平与场景语义不一致的物体正确率更高。实验三发现句法一致性对物体类别判断任务没有影响。实验四研究了刺激属性(人工、自然)一致性在物体类别判断中的作用,发现了有趣的结果:在上级水平,刺激属性一致性能促进被试对物体的分类任务,但是在基本水平,刺激属性一致性会干扰物体的分类加工。研究结果支持上级水平优势,语义一致性和刺激属性一致性会影响物体类别判断任务。这些发现将有助于我们理解视觉物体识别的知觉过程。
[Abstract]:Object classification can occur at different levels of abstraction. Studies have shown that the visual system processes information at the basic category level (such as dogs) faster than sub-category levels (such as poodles) and superior category information (such as animals). However, some studies have found that the higher level of information processing faster than the basic level. These studies used real-scene images to study, and introduced additional situational variables as well as ecological validity. In this study, we will explore the effect of the relationship between object and scene on the classification of objects. In this study, we used the forced eye jump paradigm, in which the target items and distractions appeared simultaneously in each test. The subjects must scan the images as soon as possible, and focus on the images containing the targets based on different classification tasks. In this study, four experiments were conducted to investigate the dominant level of object classification and the role of situation in object classification. Experiment 1 found that after controlling for situational factors, there were still superior level advantages. In experiments 2, 3, 4, we manipulate situational factors to study object classification. Experiment 2 studies the effect of semantic consistency on object category judgment and finds that the object accuracy is higher when the basic level is not consistent with the scene semantics. Experiment 3 found that syntactic consistency had no effect on object classification. Experiment 4 studies the role of stimulus attributes (artificial, natural) consistency in the classification of objects, and finds interesting results: at the superior level, stimulus attribute consistency can promote the task of classifying objects, but at the basic level, The consistency of stimulus attributes interferes with the classification and processing of objects. The results support superior level advantage, semantic consistency and stimulus attribute consistency will affect object category judgment task. These findings will help us to understand the perceptual process of visual object recognition.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842
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本文编号：1933538