智力障碍儿童心理理论、执行功能与亲社会行为的关系

发布时间：2018-05-26 11:47

本文选题：中度 + 智力障碍儿童　；参考：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：心理理论与执行功能以及亲社会行为之间存在密切的联系。有研究表明,心理理论的增强可以提高亲社会行为,执行功能也对亲社会行为有推动作用。但是对于中度智力障碍儿童这一特殊群体,三者关系及作用机制尚未形成一致的结论。本研究以中度智力障碍儿童为被试,探讨不同年龄组智力障碍儿童在心理理论、执行功能和亲社会行为上的差异;探究其心理理论、执行功能和亲社会行为三者之间的关系;检验冷、热执行功能在心理理论和亲社会行为间是否起中介作用;构建智力障碍儿童心理理论、执行功能与亲社会行为的结构模型图。本研究选取上海市三所特殊学校对1-9年级90名学生进行实验分析,采用错误信念、内容错误和外表真实三个实验探究中度智力障碍儿童心理理论发展水平,采用日夜Stroop任务和DCCS卡片分类测量冷执行功能,采用窗口任务和延迟满足测量热执行功能,采用安慰、合作、分享、助人实验测量亲社会行为。本研究得出如下结果:(1)智力障碍儿童心理理论各项目的平均得分随着年龄增长而逐渐提高。心理理论在年龄上存在显著差异,高年龄组、中年龄组在心理理论得分上显著高于低年龄组,高年龄组在心理理论上也显著高于中年龄组。(2)智力障碍儿童执行功能各因素的平均得分随着年龄增长而提高。执行功能在年龄上存在显著差异,高年龄组、中年龄组在冷执行功能、热执行功能、执行功能得分显著高于低年龄组。(3)智力障碍儿童的亲社会行为在年龄上存在显著差异,高年龄组和中年龄组在亲社会行为得分上显著高于低年龄组,中年龄组与高年龄组在亲社会行为不存在显著性差异。(4)智力障碍儿童的合作行为发展相对较早,其次是助人、分享,最次是安慰,这与正常儿童发展趋势一致。(5)智力障碍儿童心理理论与执行功能、亲社会行为呈显著正相关。(6)智力障碍儿童心理理论对亲社会行为产生影响,冷执行功能、热执行功能在心理理论和亲社会行为之间起到中介作用。
[Abstract]:There is a close relationship between psychological theory and executive function as well as prosocial behavior. Some studies have shown that the enhancement of psychological theory can improve prosocial behavior, and the executive function can also promote prosocial behavior. However, for the special group of children with moderate mental retardation, the relationship between them and the mechanism of their action have not reached a consistent conclusion. In this study, children with moderate mental retardation were taken as subjects to explore the differences of mental theory, executive function and prosocial behavior among children of different age groups, and to explore the relationship among mental theory, executive function and prosocial behavior. To test whether the cold and hot executive function plays an intermediary role between psychological theory and prosocial behavior, and to construct the mental theory, executive function and prosocial behavior structure model of children with mental retardation. In this study, 90 students in grades 1-9 were selected from three special schools in Shanghai to study the development level of mental theory in children with moderate mental retardation by using three experiments: false belief, content error and appearance truthfulness. Day and night Stroop task and DCCS card sorting were used to measure cold executive function, window task and delay satisfaction were used to measure hot executive function, comfort, cooperation, sharing and helping experiment were used to measure prosocial behavior. The results of this study are as follows: (1) the average scores of mental retardation children's psychological theories gradually increase with age. There was significant difference in the age of the theory of mind. The scores of the high age group and the middle age group were significantly higher than that of the low age group. The average scores of the factors of executive function of children with mental retardation were significantly higher than those of the middle age group (2) the average score of the factors of executive function of the children with mental retardation increased with the increase of age. The scores of executive function in cold executive function, hot executive function and executive function were significantly higher than those in the low age group (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the age of prosocial behavior among the children with mental retardation, such as the old age group, the middle age group, the cold executive function group, the hot executive function group and the middle age group. The scores of prosocial behavior in the high age group and middle age group were significantly higher than those in the low age group. There was no significant difference between the middle age group and the high age group in the prosocial behavior. 4) the cooperative behavior of the children with mental retardation developed relatively earlier, followed by helping others. Sharing, the most important is comfort, which is consistent with the development trend of normal children. (5) Mental theory and executive function of children with mental retardation, prosocial behavior is significantly positively related to psychological theory of children with mental retardation has an impact on pro-social behavior, cold executive function. Hot executive function plays an intermediary role between psychological theory and pro-social behavior.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.1

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