亲密关系中的权力感知研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 03:31

本文选题：亲密关系 + 权力感知　；参考：《西南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：亲密关系中的权力问题历来受到社会学和心理学的重视,许多领域将权力理解为一种人际间的结构变量,心理学对此的研究起步较晚,并逐步将其理解为一种心理变量。这种对自身影响他人能力的认知被称为权力感,它比个体拥有的实际权力更能影响自身的态度和行为。常用的权力理论主要包括社会交换理论、相互依存理论、接近-抑制理论以及情境聚焦理论。亲密侧重的是合作与分享,权力侧重的是人际关系中控制和影响。当亲密遇上权力,两性会如何感知,这种权力感会受哪些因素的影响,又会给亲密关系带来怎样的影响,这种影响是否受到了其他因素的影响,这将是本研究关注的问题。本研究旨在中国文化背景下,以定量与定性两种研究方法对亲密关系中的权力感知进行研究。对权力感的研究大多采用自评量表的方式,现阶段对权力感的内隐测量研究较少,因此研究一中对亲密关系权力分配感知的测量采用性关系权力量表(SRPS)和单类内隐联想测验(SC-IAT),将外显测量和内隐测量相结合,以成对的异性恋情侣为被试进行研究,结果发现,无论采用哪种测量方式,两性的权力感均存在差异。在亲密关系权力感的外显测量中,女性权力感显著大于男性权力感,其中男性权力感处于中等水平,女生权力感属于高水平,意味着男性在亲密关系中的权力感知相对平衡,而女性权力感较高;在亲密关系权力感知的内隐测量中,男性认为权力与彼此的联结相对平衡,女性则认为权力与伴侣的联结更加紧密。两种测量方式之间结果相关不显著。对权力感知与关系满意度的探讨,我们采用行动者-对象互依模型(APIM),结果表明,权力感可以正向预测关系满意度,具体表现为男性外显权力感越高,对关系越满意,女性内隐权力感越高,对关系越满意。为进一步探讨权力感知不同水平的具体表现,权力感知的影响因素以及权力感对关系满意度的影响,着重展示亲密关系中个体的主观感受,研究二采用质的研究,对正处于亲密关系中或者曾经有过恋爱经历的个体进行了半结构化的访谈,然后将访谈录音转录成电子文本,使用Nvivo 10质性分析软件对其进行编码,运用扎根理论,对文字材料进行类属分析和情景分析。结果表明,首先,对亲密关系中权力的理解主要包括发言权与最终决定权的大小,对关系的控制、影响及独立自主的能力以及担负的责任等;其次,影响亲密关系权力感的因素主要包括相对的情感卷入、替代性选择、能力和性格等个人因素以及父母之间的夫妻关系和父母对子女的教养方式等家庭环境因素。最后,亲密关系中的权力感知与关系评价并没有确切的对应关系,是否看重关系权力以及理想的权力类型等都会对其产生影响。
[Abstract]:The issue of power in intimate relations has always been paid attention to by sociology and psychology. In many fields, power is understood as a kind of interpersonal structural variable. The study of psychology is late and is gradually understood as a psychological variable. This cognition of self influence on others is called the sense of power, which is more real than the individual. The common power theory mainly includes the social exchange theory, the interdependence theory, the close inhibition theory and the situational focus theory. The close emphasis is on cooperation and sharing, and the power is focused on the control and influence in the interpersonal relationship. When intimacy meets power, how does the sexes perceive, this right? This study aims to study the perception of power in close ties with two methods of quantitative and qualitative research in the context of Chinese culture. Most of the studies are based on the self rating scale. At the present stage, there is little research on the implicit measurement of the sense of power. Therefore, the measurement of the perception of the power distribution of intimate relationships is based on the sexual relationship power scale (SRPS) and the single class implicit association test (SC-IAT), combining explicit and implicit measurements with paired heterosexual couples as subjects. The results show that there are differences in the sense of power between the two sexes. In the explicit measurement of intimate relationship power, the feminine sense of power is significantly greater than the male sense of power, in which the male sense of power is at the middle level and the feminine power is high, which means that the men's power perception in intimacy is relatively flat. The feminine sense of power is higher; in the implicit measurement of the perception of intimate relationship power, men think that power is relatively balanced with each other, while women think that power is closer to the partner. The correlation between the two ways of measurement is not significant. Model (APIM), the results show that the sense of power can positively predict the relationship satisfaction, which is manifested by the higher the sense of empowerment of men, the more satisfied with the relationship, the higher the sense of implicit power in women, the more satisfied with the relationship, and the specific performance of different levels of power perception, the influence factors of power perception and the satisfaction of the sense of power to the relationship. The influence is to show the subjective feelings of the individual in the intimate relationship. Study two adopts the qualitative research, conducts a semi structured interview to the individuals who are in close relationship or have had a love experience, and then transcribe the interview recording into electronic text, and use the Nvivo 10 qualitative analysis software to code it, and use the grounded theory. The results show that, first, the understanding of power in intimate relationships mainly includes the size of the right to speak and the final decision, the control of the relationship, the influence and the ability to be independent and the responsibility, and secondly, the factors that affect the sense of intimacy mainly include relative emotional involvement, Alternative choice, individual factors such as ability and character and family environment factors such as parents' relationship between husband and wife and parental rearing of their children. Finally, there is no exact correspondence between the perception of power and the relationship evaluation in intimacy, and whether the relation of power and the ideal type of power will affect it.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

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