平视显示图形预警显示方式对模拟驾驶的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 22:21

本文选题：平视显示 + 图形预警　；参考：《浙江理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着科技的进步,汽车的普及程度越来越高,随之而来的驾驶安全问题也在逐渐增多,汽车驾驶安全这一主题愈发成为人们关注的重点。在驾驶过程中,由于人因失误导致的道路交通事故占了较大比例,因此越来越多的专家学者们致力于开发驾驶辅助系统来减少这一危险性,平视显示技术也是在该领域中应运而生的一项技术。本研究首先提出一种通过将预警图形呈现在平视显示系统上,进而为驾驶员提供前方道路状况预警这一预警显示技术,探索不同的预警信息呈现方式对于驾驶安全的影响,同时尝试建立一套行之有效的的新型汽车预警体系。本研究包括两部分,研究一为图形预警平视显示系统对模拟驾驶绩效影响研究,其中首先进行图形预警模型的设计与优化,通过问卷调查的形式进行。首先根据驾驶过程中经常遇到的危险状况,选取了8个对驾驶员危害较大的场景,在危险场景图形的设计过程中,选取了103名有驾驶经验的被试对所设计的预警图形进行优化,最终确定所采用的配色方案。实验一为图形预警平视显示系统对模拟驾驶绩效影响研究。在实验室条件下通过模拟驾驶实验,验证图形预警能够提升驾驶安全性。研究二为平视显示下图形预警对模拟驾驶的影响因素研究,由两个实验组成:实验二探索在图形预警条件下,不同预警图形呈现时间对于驾驶绩效的影响,探索图形预警出现的最佳时间;实验三为比较预警信息不同呈现方式对于驾驶绩效的影响,探究图形预警、声音预警、图形声音双预警这三种预警条件下驾驶绩效的差异。由实验结果得出以下结论:1、采用图形预警系统条件下驾驶员的驾驶绩效在碰撞次数、纵向加速度、油门释放反应时、刹车反应时、约化速度、折合能量、转向反应时、平均反应时和最快反应时上的表现都显著高于未采用图形预警系统下的表现;2、不同预警时间在纵向加速度、油门释放反应时、刹车反应时、刹车至最大值时间、转向反应时和平均反应时上均有显著差异,其中当预警图形呈现时间为2秒或3秒呈现时,驾驶员的驾驶绩效表现最好;3、图形预警、声音预警以及图形声音双预警这三种预警方式在纵向加速度、油门释放反应时和约化速度三个指标下均有显著差异,其中在纵向加速度指标上图形预警条件下驾驶员表现最好,在油门释放反应时指标上声音预警条件下驾驶员表现最好,在约化速度指标上双预警条件下驾驶员表现最好。本研究探索并建立了一套在平视显示系统下的图形预警系统,采用图形的形式将驾驶员在驾驶过程中即将遇到的危险情况进行呈现,从而为驾驶员避免危险提供辅助作用,并且在预警图形呈现时间以及预警信息呈现方式上都做了探索研究,细化该预警模型的呈现条件与呈现方式,具有较高的应用价值,为未来汽车预警系统的研发与制作提供一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, the popularity of automobile is becoming more and more high, and the problem of driving safety is also increasing. The theme of automobile driving safety has become the focus of attention. In the process of driving, more and more experts and scholars are devoting themselves to developing driving aid system to reduce the risk because of the large proportion of road traffic accidents caused by human error. Parallel view display technology is also a technology that arises at the historic moment in this field. In this study, we first put forward an early warning display technology, which can provide the driver with the warning technology of road condition in front of the display system, and explore the influence of different early warning information presentation methods on driving safety. At the same time, try to establish a set of effective new car warning system. This research includes two parts. The first part is the research on the effect of the graphics warning and display system on the driving performance. Firstly, the design and optimization of the graphical warning model are carried out by questionnaire. First of all, according to the dangerous situation often encountered in the driving process, 8 scenarios which are harmful to the driver are selected. In the design process of the dangerous scene graph, 103 subjects with driving experience are selected to optimize the designed warning pattern. Finally, the color matching scheme is determined. Experiment one is a study on the effect of graphical warning and level view display system on simulated driving performance. Under the condition of laboratory, simulation driving experiment is carried out to verify that graphical warning can improve driving safety. The second is the study of the influencing factors of graphic warning on driving simulation under the condition of visual display, which is composed of two experiments: experiment two explores the effect of different early warning graphics presentation time on driving performance under the condition of graphic warning. The third experiment is to compare the influence of different presentation ways of early warning information on driving performance, and explore the differences of driving performance under three warning conditions: graphics early warning, sound early warning and graphics and sound double warning. The following conclusions are drawn from the experimental results: 1. Under the condition of graphical early warning system, the driver's driving performance is reduced speed, reduced energy, steering reaction when the collision number, longitudinal acceleration, throttle release reaction, braking reaction, etc. The average response time and the fastest reaction time were significantly higher than those without the graphical early warning system. The braking time to the maximum at different warning times was longitudinal acceleration and throttle release reaction. There were significant differences between the steering response time and the average reaction time. When the display time of the warning pattern was 2 seconds or 3 seconds, the driver's driving performance was the best. There are significant differences in the longitudinal acceleration, throttle release reaction time and reduced speed between the three early warning methods, among which the driver is the best under the longitudinal acceleration index. Under the condition of sound warning on the target of throttle release reaction, the driver's performance is the best under the condition of double warning on the reduced speed index. This study explores and establishes a graphical early warning system based on the level view display system, which presents the dangerous situation that the driver is about to encounter in the driving process, thus providing the auxiliary role for the driver to avoid the danger. And in the early warning graph presentation time and the early warning information presentation way has done the exploration research, refines this early warning model to present the condition and the presentation way, has the higher application value, It can provide some reference for the research and manufacture of automobile early warning system in the future.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

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