心智游移个体差异及其脑机制研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 03:09

本文选题：心智游移 + 个体差异　；参考：《浙江师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：心智游移是指个体思维活动自发离开当下环境而进行一些内源性的意识体验。目前,便于理解,研究者们习惯将其比作日常生活中经常提到的“走神”、“白日梦”、“分心”等。事实上,心智游移作为一种内源性自发的意识体验,具有更加丰富的内涵,更加独特的神经机制。尽管有研究发现心智游移与分心有很多相似点,如：都会受到知觉负荷的影响、都具有巨大的个体差异,但是本研究认为心智游移不能简单等同于一种注意状态,其个体差异更加稳定,其背后的神经机制更让人着迷。鉴于此,本研究分两步进行。研究一以心智游移巨大个体差异为出发点,严格控制多种知觉负荷条件,检验不同心智游移倾向个体在在多种负荷条件下是否会表现出稳定的个体差异。研究二以研究一的实验结果为基础,从心智游移特质的角度出发,结合脑功能成像技术,从脑激活强度和功能连接上探讨心智游移个体差异产生的神经基础。研究主要得到以下几点结论： (1)心智游移巨大且稳定的个体差异源于特质上的差异。 (2)心智游移频率问卷是评定心智游移倾向的有效测量工具。 (3)心智游移作为一种特质并无好坏之分。 (4)与心智游移有关的脑区包括默认网络的大部分区域,如：后扣带回、内侧前额回、海马旁回、楔前叶、两侧颞叶以及顶下小叶等区域。 (5)默认网络多个脑区,如：后扣带回、内侧前额回、颞叶、海马旁会等同步活动强度是影响心智游移个体差异产生的脑功能基础。
[Abstract]:Mental wandering refers to the spontaneous departure of individual thinking from the present environment and some endogenous conscious experiences. Now, understandably, researchers are used to likening it to "distractions", "daydreams" and "distractions" that are often referred to in everyday life. In fact, as an endogenous spontaneous experience of consciousness, mental migration has a richer connotation and a more unique neural mechanism. Although some studies have found that there are many similarities between mental wandering and distraction, for example, they are influenced by perception load and have great individual differences, the present study suggests that mental migration cannot be equated with a state of attention. Individual differences are more stable, and the underlying neural mechanisms are more fascinating. In view of this, this study is carried out in two steps. In the first study, based on the great individual difference of mental migration, we strictly controlled various perceptual load conditions, and examined whether individuals with different mental shifting tendencies would exhibit stable individual differences under various load conditions. Second, based on the experimental results of study one, from the point of view of the characteristics of mental migration, combined with brain functional imaging technology, the neural basis of individual differences in mental migration is discussed from the point of view of the intensity and connection of brain activation. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: Large and stable individual differences in mental mobility stem from differences in traits. 2) the mental migration frequency questionnaire is an effective tool to measure the mental migration tendency. There is no distinction between good and bad as a trait. 4) the brain regions related to mental migration include most areas of the default network, such as posterior cingulate gyrus, medial prefrontal gyrus, perihippocampal gyrus, precuneiform lobe, bilateral temporal lobe and subparietal lobule. 5) the intensity of synchronous activity in multiple brain regions of the default network, such as posterior cingulate gyrus, medial prefrontal gyrus, temporal lobe and para-hippocampal area, is the basis of brain function affecting the difference of mental wandering individuals.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

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