人格特质与正念的接受情况、练习效果的关系

发布时间：2018-06-16 03:21

本文选题：正念 + 人格　；参考：《首都师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着积极心理学在全球范围的备受关注和蓬勃发展,基于正念的心理学疗法成为认知行为疗法的第三浪潮。我国在20世纪80年代就开始了理论层面对该疗法的关注；但是时至如今实证领域的发现还是较为稀少,更不消说对理论机制的探索了。笔者在参与正念普及宣传的应用工作中,主观发现愿意参加正念训练的群体似乎表现出在人群中占有一定比例,并且具有某些特质或需要方面的倾向。因此查阅国内外文献,发现人格特质和正念之间关系是国外研究者很感兴趣的主题,国内尚无人问津,并且该主题仍有很多有趣的、值得探索的方面。本研究着力于探索人格特质与正念之间的关系。将其关系定位于：对于不了解基于正念的心理学疗法的健康普通人群,愿意参加正念练习与不愿意参加正念练习的群体是否有显著的人格特质差异；在正念训练过程中,是否有人格因素对练习效果产生影响。基于这两个思路形成了本研究的研究一和研究二。研究一招募493名被试,填写简式大五人格问卷,实验组填写报名信息表,对照组不填写。通过相关分析发现：是否愿意参加正念训练与神经质(r=0.14,p0.01),责任心(r=-0.12,p0.01)显著相关；揭示神经质维度与是否愿意接受正念练习呈正相关,责任心维度与其呈负相关。通过多变量方差分析发现：在神经质维度上,接受练习群体的平均得分显著高于不接受练习的群体(F(1,489)=9.54,p0.01,η2=0.019)；在责任心维度上,接受练习群体的平均得分显著低于不接受练习的群体(F(1,489)=6.92,p0.01,η2=0.014)；说明接受正念练习群体和不接受群体在神经质维、责任心维度存在显著差异。研究一表明：对于普通人群是否愿意接受正念训练这个层面,人格特质与正念之间存在统计学差异,愿意参加正念训练的群体表现出了神经质水平更高、责任心水平更低的倾向。首次从正念适应人群的人格特质倾向角度揭示了人格与正念之间的关系。研究二采用了研究一的实验组,剔除不符合实验要求的被试,得到51名被试。沿用研究一的简式大五人格问卷测量结果,使用正念五因素量表(FFMQ),简明心境量表和简式简明心境量表(POMS)。通过分层回归分析发现：神经质维度对FFMQ,总分,描述因子,觉知地行动因子,POMS,总分,紧张焦虑因子,抑郁沮丧因子,有力好动因子,疲劳惰性因子,困惑迷茫因子有显著贡献。研究结果表明：在正念练习效果的人格特质影响因素中,神经质维度起到了显著的解释量；揭示了在正念练习过程中,神经质维度对练习效果起到了统计学意义上的影响。首次使用正念八周训练方案加以干预,在正念效果影响原因角度探索了人格特质与正念之间的关系。综合研究一、二可得：人格特质与正念之间的关系存在统计学意义,对于无冥想经验的普通人群,愿意练习正念的群体比不愿意练习正念的群体神经质水平显著较高、责任心水平显著较低。对于正念练习效果,神经质维度起到显著的影响。
[Abstract]:With the worldwide attention and vigorous development of positive psychology, mindfulness based psychological therapy has become the third wave of cognitive behavioral therapy. In 1980s, our country began to pay attention to the theory in the face of this therapy; but the discovery in the field of empirical studies is still scarce, not to mention the theoretical mechanism. In the application of mindfulness popularization, the author found that the group willing to participate in the mindfulness training seemed to show a certain proportion in the crowd, and had some tendencies of certain qualities or needs. Therefore, the study of the relationship between domestic and foreign literature and the relationship between personality traits and mindfulness was very interesting for foreign researchers. The theme of the subject is still unanswered in China, and there are still many interesting and worthwhile aspects to explore.
This study focuses on exploring the relationship between personality traits and mindfulness. The relationship is defined as whether there are significant differences in personality traits between healthy people who do not understand psychological therapy based on mindfulness and those who are willing to participate in mindfulness exercises and those who do not want to participate in mindfulness exercises. It has an impact on the effect of practice. Based on these two ideas, the research one and the research two are formed.
In the study, 493 subjects were recruited to fill in a simple five personality questionnaire, the experimental group filled out the registration information table and the control group did not fill in. Through the correlation analysis, it was found that whether they were willing to participate in the mindfulness training and neuroticism (r=0.14, P0.01) and the sense of responsibility (r=-0.12, P0.01) were significantly related, and the neuroticism dimension was positively correlated with the willingness to accept the mindfulness practice, In the neuroticism, the average score of the accepted practice group was significantly higher than that of the group that did not receive exercise (F (1489) =9.54, P0.01, ETA 2=0.019) in the neuroticism dimension, and the average score of the accepted practice group was significantly lower than that of the group that did not receive exercise (F (1489) =6.9) in the dimension of the neuroticism. 2, P0.01, ETA 2=0.014); there was a significant difference between the mindfulness practice group and the non acceptor group in the neuroticism dimension. The study showed that there was a statistical difference between the personality traits and the mindfulness of the general population if they were willing to accept the mindfulness training, and the group willing to attend the mindfulness training showed the nerve. The relationship between personality and mindfulness is the first time from the perspective of mindfulness adaptation to personality traits.
In study two, 51 subjects were excluded from the experimental group, which did not meet the requirements of the experiment. The results were measured by the simplified large Five Personality Questionnaire (FFMQ), the concise mood scale and the simple concise mood scale (POMS) were used. The neuroticism dimension to FFMQ, total score was found through the stratified regression analysis. Descriptive factors, awareness of action factors, POMS, total scores, tension anxiety factors, depression and depression factors, powerful active factors, fatigue inert factors, and confused confused factors have significant contributions. In the process, the neuroticism has a statistically significant effect on the effect of practice. The first eight weeks of mindfulness training program was used to intervene, and the relationship between personality traits and mindfulness was explored in the perspective of the cause of the effect of mindfulness.
Comprehensive study one, two can be obtained: the relationship between personality traits and mindfulness has statistical significance. For ordinary people without meditation experience, the group willing to practise mindfulness is significantly higher than those who do not want to practise mindfulness, and the level of responsibility is significantly lower. For the effect of mindfulness practice, the neuroticism has a significant shadow. Ringing.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B848

【参考文献】