情绪性工作记忆对选择性注意的影响

发布时间：2018-06-20 18:15

本文选题：情绪性工作记忆 + 选择性注意　；参考：《云南师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：情绪和认知的关系，是人类一直在思索的问题，同时也是心理学亟须予以科学解释的问题。因情绪相关问题的复杂性及特殊性，实证研究举步维艰。但是，近二十年来，心理学工作者就个体对情绪信息的知觉注意特点进行了大量的实验研究，取得了不错的成绩。本文围绕着个体对情绪信息的注意特点，特别是个体对负性情绪信息的注意增强或注意偏向，通过实验分析、探讨了情绪性工作记忆对选择性注意的影响。实验选择大学本科生为被试，，采用情绪启动范式与再认范式相结合，要求被试依次完成情绪词识记、目标面孔性别判断及情绪词再认任务，探讨保存于工作记忆中的情绪性刺激对面孔性别判断任务的影响。结果显示：（1）在情绪效价为积极和恐惧条件下，线索提示有效条件下的目标面孔性别选择反应时最短；（2）在线索提示有效和无效条件下，恐惧情绪启动刺激对应的目标面孔选择反应时最长，悲伤情绪启动刺激对应的最短；（3）在线索提示为基线的条件下，积极情绪与中性情绪刺激对应的目标面孔选择反应时显著长于悲伤情绪刺激和恐惧情绪刺激对应的目标面孔选择反应时；（4）被试性别因素差异不显著，刺激面孔性别因素差异显著；（5）收益值、亏损值在不同情绪效价下差异显著。综上所述：保存在工作记忆中的情绪刺激会对面孔性别的选择产生影像，表现为一定的注意偏向。恐惧信息为占用个体的认知资源，导致对目标面孔选择人物的抑制或延迟。
[Abstract]:The relationship between emotion and cognition is a problem that human beings have been thinking about all the time. Because of the complexity and particularity of emotional related problems, empirical research is difficult. However, in the past twenty years, psychologists have made a great deal of experimental research on the perceptual attention characteristics of individual emotional information, and achieved good results. This paper focuses on the characteristics of individual attention to emotional information, especially the enhancement or bias of individual attention to negative emotional information. Through experimental analysis, the influence of emotional working memory on selective attention is discussed. The experiment selected undergraduate students as subjects, and adopted emotional priming paradigm and recognition paradigm to complete the tasks of emotional word recognition, target face gender judgment and emotional word recognition in turn. To explore the influence of emotional stimuli in working memory on the gender judgment task of faces. The results showed that under the condition that the emotional titer was positive and fear, the shortest time of gender selection reaction of the target face under the cue-effective condition was that the cues were effective and ineffective. The time of target face selection was the longest for fear emotion to initiate stimulation, and the shortest for sad emotion to start stimulus. (3) under the condition that the clue indicated as the baseline, There was no significant difference in gender factors between positive emotion and neutral emotional stimulation in target face selection response, which was significantly longer than that in sad emotional stimulation and fear emotional stimulation. The difference of gender factor in stimulating face was significant (P < 0.05), and the value of loss was significantly different under different emotional effect. To sum up: emotional stimuli stored in working memory produce images of face gender selection, showing a certain attention bias. Fear information occupies individual cognitive resources and results in inhibition or delay of target face selection.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

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