整体情绪对无意识思维效应的作用

发布时间：2018-06-22 22:15

本文选题：无意识思维 + 整体情绪　；参考：《宁波大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：Dijksterhuis等人提出的无意识思维理论(Unconscious Thought Theory, UTT)指出人类存在两种思维模式——意识思维(conscious thought)和无意识思维(unconscious thought)，两者有各自不同的特点和适用的情境。无意识思维在面临复杂问题时优于意识思维(DijksterhuisNordgren,2006)。该理论自提出以来备受关注，尚存一些问题需要进一步解决与完善。其中，对调节无意识思维效应的诸多变量的研究是一个焦点之一。与以往多探讨外部因素不同的是，本研究试从内部因素-整体情绪来考察其对无意识思维的影响。整体情绪(integral feelings)指与当前认知任务相关的情绪体验(Bodenhausen,1993)或是对刺激的好坏感受(Peters E,2012)。整体情绪与无意识思维的关系体现于Dijksterhuis(2006)对无意识思维的定义--“无意识思维指有意注意指向别处时所发生的与任务或目标相关的认知或情感的思维过程。”然而，，Dijksterhuis只研究了认知因素对无意识思维的影响，并没有从情感维度进行探索。这是问题提出的契机。为考察整体情绪对无意识思维的影响，基于以往无意识思维研究的范式，本研究采用经典无意识思维研究任务和自编任务相结合，抽取宁波大学228人，开展两项研究：研究一证实情绪因素对无意识思维产生影响。研究二以整体积极情绪任务和整体消极情绪任务及表述语言为变量，探究整体情绪对无意识思维的作用。本研究得到以下结论：第一,本研究发现无意识思维对复杂决策的促进作用是有条件的，除了以往研究者发现的外部认知变量，还有内部因素-整体情绪的影响。第二，不同整体情绪对无意识思维影响不同，整体积极情绪组被试在无意识思维后比整体消极情绪组被试产生了更精确的判断。说明整体积极情绪更利于无意识思维，而整体消极情绪对无意识思维的产生减力作用。第三，当用外语表述时会降低母语情境中引发的整体情绪，使整体情绪对无意识思维的影响也发生了变化。整体积极情绪对无意识思维的助益作用在外语情境下降低了，而整体消极情绪对无意识的作用也因为语言表述的不同发生变化，但没有达到显著水平。
[Abstract]:Dijksterhuis' unconsciousness thought Theory (UTT) points out that there are two modes of human thinking, conscious thinking (conscious thought) and unconscious thinking (unconscious thought), which have their own characteristics and applicable situations. Unconscious thinking is superior to conscious thinking in the face of complex problems (Dijksterhuis Nordgren 2006). This theory has attracted much attention since it was put forward, and some problems still need to be solved and perfected. Among them, the study of many variables regulating the unconscious thinking effect is one of the focal points. Different from the previous researches on external factors, this study tries to examine the influence of external factors on unconscious thinking from the perspective of internal factors-overall emotion. Overall emotional (integral feelings) refers to emotional experiences associated with current cognitive tasks (Bodenhausen 1993) or good or bad feelings about stimuli (Peters Eyre 2012). The relationship between the whole emotion and the unconscious thinking is embodied in Dijksterhuis (2006) definition of unconscious thinking-"unconscious thinking refers to the cognitive or emotional process of cognition or emotion related to the task or goal that occurs when the unconscious mind is directed elsewhere." However, Dijksterhuis only studied the influence of cognitive factors on unconscious thinking, and did not explore it from the emotional dimension. This is an opportunity to raise the question. In order to investigate the influence of the whole emotion on the unconscious thinking, based on the paradigm of the previous unconscious thinking research, this study adopts the combination of the classical unconscious thinking research task and the self-made task, and extracts 228 people from Ningbo University. Two studies were carried out: one confirmed that emotional factors had an effect on unconscious thinking. The second study was to explore the effect of the whole emotion on unconscious thinking with the variables of overall positive emotion task, overall negative emotion task and expression language. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: first, this study found that unconscious thinking has a conditional role in promoting complex decision-making, in addition to the external cognitive variables found by previous researchers, as well as the influence of internal factors-global emotion. Secondly, different overall emotions have different effects on unconscious thinking. After unconscious thinking, the subjects in the overall positive emotion group have more accurate judgment than the negative emotion group. It shows that the whole positive emotion is more favorable to unconscious thinking, while the whole negative emotion has a negative effect on unconscious thinking. Thirdly, when expressed in a foreign language, the overall emotion induced by the mother tongue situation is reduced, and the influence of the whole emotion on the unconscious thinking is also changed. The contribution of overall positive emotion to unconscious thinking is reduced in foreign language context, and the effect of overall negative emotion on unconscious is also changed due to different language expressions, but it does not reach a significant level.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

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