语言熟练度对蒙汉双语者词汇与物理位置空间信息语义表征的影响及ERP研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 04:23

本文选题：双语者 + 空间词汇　；参考：《内蒙古师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：以往研究采用跨语言语义启动、词汇联想和对等翻译等范式验证了双语者两种语言与概念表征的联结的非对称性特点。近来，研究发现双语者词汇与共享语义表征联结的非对称现象也存在于空间词汇加工过程中。已有研究采用空间词不对称判断与Simon判断混合范式，在语言熟练度方面开展了非平衡双语者和二语为优势语的双语者的研究，并未采用此范式考察平衡双语者（两语言熟练水平相当、都达到了与年龄相适应水平的双语者）两种语言与语义表征的联结特点。因此，本研究以平衡双语者为研究对象，采取空间词不对称判断与Simon判断混合范式，从行为层面考察平衡双语者一语和二语空间词汇与共享语义表征的联结特点，同时选用兼具平衡和非平衡特点的蒙-汉-英三语者、汉语为常用语的蒙汉双语者为研究对象，在保证被试其他额外因素同质的基础上，探讨语言熟练程度和使用经验有差异时，一语和二语空间词汇与共享语义表征的联结强度是否存在差异。并利用高精度的事件相关电位技术考察了语言熟练度对语义表征连接强度影响的大脑皮层活动的变化。实验一以平衡蒙汉双语者为研究对象，以汉语单语组为对照，考察平衡熟练双语者一语和二语的空间词汇与共享语义表征的联结特点。结果发现，单语组汉语和蒙语条件下Simon效应差异显著，双语组汉语和蒙语条件下Simon效应无显著差异，即双语组汉语和蒙语对Simon效应造成的影响无差异。实验二选取蒙-汉-英三语者为研究对象，蒙语和汉语平衡熟练，英语不熟练，借助被试同时具备熟练语言和非熟练语言的特点考察语言熟练程度是否对双语者的语义表征产生影响。结果发现，汉语和蒙语条件下Simon效应差异不显著，即汉语和蒙语对Simon效应的影响无差异；蒙语和英语条件下Simon效应差异显著,蒙语对Simon效应的影响大于英语；汉语和英语条件下Simon效应差异显著，汉语对Simon效应的影响大于英语。实验三以蒙-汉双语者为被试，其中二语汉语为常用语言，且二语的熟练程度高于一语，考察当二语为常用语言且熟练程度更高时，之前以一语与共享表征为强联结的语义表征模式是否会转变为二语与共享表征的联结更强。实验三结果发现，，汉语和蒙语条件下的Simon效应差异显著，汉语词汇判断对Simon效应的影响大于蒙语。实验四采用事件相关电位（ERP）技术，以蒙-汉-英非熟练三语者为被试，从大脑活动的层面考察不同语言熟练程度对语义表征的影响。结果发现，空间词汇不对称判断任务在颞枕区诱发了N170，且N170的平均波幅在右侧脑区大于左侧脑区；Simon任务在额区和中央区诱发了P200，蒙语条件下不一致时的P200平均波幅大于一致时，汉语和英语条件下一致与不一致时的平均波幅无区别；Simon任务在顶区和顶枕区诱发了P300，蒙语和汉语条件下一致与不一致时的平均波幅无区别，英语条件下不一致时顶区P300的平均波幅小于一致时。本研究得出以下结论：（1）平衡蒙汉双语者词汇空间信息与物理位置空间信息存在共享语义表征。（2）语言熟练程度影响双语者空间词汇与共享语义表征的联结强度，平衡熟练的语言与共享表征的联结强度强于非熟练语言。。（3）语言经验影响双语者空间词汇与共享语义表征的联结强度，二语转为主导语言时，已形成的一语词汇与共享表征联结更强的模式转变为二语与共享表征联结更强的新模式。（4）语言熟练度对共享表征的影响在脑皮层活动方面表现为N170和P300的差异性变化。本研究采用空间词不对称判断与Simon判断混合范式，从行为和脑两个层次再次验证，语言熟练程度影响双语者两种语言词汇与共享语义表征的联结强度，支持了Kroll和Stewart（1994）的修正层级模型。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the characteristics of the linkage between the two languages and the concept representation of the bilingual people by using cross - language semantic initiation , lexical association and peer - to - peer translation .

The results showed that the Simon effect between Chinese and Mongolian in the bilingual group had no significant difference , that is , there was no difference in the effects of Chinese and Mongolian in the bilingual group .

The results show that there is no significant difference in Simon ' s effect in Chinese and Mongolian conditions , that is , the effect of Chinese and Mongolian on Simon effect is not different ;
The difference of Simon effect in Mongolian and English is significant , and the effect of Mongolian on Simon effect is more than English ;
The difference of Simon effect in Chinese and English is significant , and the effect of Chinese on Simon effect is more than English .

The results show that the Simon effect in Chinese and Mongolian conditions is significant , and the influence of Chinese vocabulary judgment on Simon effect is more than Mongolian .

The effect of different language proficiency on semantic representation was investigated from the perspective of brain activity . The results showed that the spatial lexical asymmetry assessment task induced N170 in the temporal occipital region , and the average amplitude of N170 was greater in the right brain region than in the left brain region .
Simon ' s task evoked P200 in the frontal and central areas , and the average amplitude of P200 was greater than that in the same time when the Mongolian conditions were inconsistent .
The results of Simon ' s task in the top region and the top pillow region evoked the difference between the mean amplitude and the mean wave amplitude when the agreement and inconsistency between Chinese and Mongolian and Chinese conditions were consistent and inconsistent .

The following conclusions are drawn from this study :

( 1 ) There is a shared semantic representation of the spatial information and the spatial information of the physical location of the bilingual person in the balanced Mongolian and Chinese .

( 2 ) The language proficiency affects the coupling strength between the bilingual person ' s spatial vocabulary and the shared semantic representation , and the connection strength of the balanced skilled language and the shared representation is stronger than that of the non - skilled language .

( 3 ) The language experience affects the connection strength between the bilingual spatial vocabulary and the shared semantic representation , and when the second language is converted to the dominant language , the pattern that has been formed is changed into a new model which is stronger than the shared representation coupling .

( 4 ) The influence of language proficiency on the shared representation was the difference between N170 and P 300 in cerebral cortex activity .

This study uses spatial word asymmetry judgement and Simon ' s decision to judge mixed paradigm . From the two levels of behavior and brain , it is verified that the language proficiency affects the coupling strength between the two language words and the shared semantic representation of the bilingual person , which supports the revised hierarchical model of Kroll and Stewart ( 1994 ) .
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842.5

【参考文献】