风险感知和信息来源可信度对国有企业改制期员工风险决策的影响

发布时间：2018-06-25 22:04

本文选题：国企改制 + 风险决策　；参考：《山西大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：改制分流作为国企改革的关键步骤之一,是很多生产型企业合并产能,优化资源配置的重要举措,它为国有企业带来了新兴的发展方向、巨大的发展空间以及强劲的利润增长。但对于国有企业员工来说,分流改制则是一种转折和挑战,所以改制期员工的分配安置问题和工作生活状态问题逐渐走进了研究者的视野。目前分流改制员工群体数量庞大,覆盖面广,虽然受到了社会各界的一种广泛关注,但是对这一群体在心理学层面上的研究相对较为薄弱,尤其是对这一群体决策特点的研究则更是稀少。改制分流员工在企业改制阶段面临着各种各样的风险决策,因此从心理学视角来研究改制员工的风险决策很有价值。有研究表明,影响风险决策的重要因素之一是风险感知,当个体的风险感知较高时作出相对冒险的决策行为可能性较小。研究改制期员工风险感知的特点以及它在风险决策中的作用具有很重要的意义。它不仅支持了风险感知的社会风险评估理论,更从现实角度出发探讨了改制期员工在这个特殊阶段对周围环境的敏感和对未来职业发展的迷茫。信息是决策的重要依据和线索,信息来源可信度很大程度上影响着人们对信息的认知和判断,进一步影响风险决策的进行。因此研究信息来源可信度在改制期员工进行风险决策的过程中所扮演的角色,对企业顺利完成改革和发展有着重要作用。本研究将采取问卷法和实验法相结合的方式,抽取200名国有企业员工,利用风险投资任务、风险感知情境问卷、信息来源可信度的操纵来研究改制期员工的风险决策及其影响因素。研究一旨在探讨员工风险决策的特点。研究一的第一部分利用风险感知情境问卷对所抽样员工进行调查,分析员工的风险感知在其各维度上的差异,尤其是在以是否经历分流改制为标准的分类上,比较两个类型员工的风险感知的特点。这一部分研究结果表明,员工的风险感知在性别、年龄、受教育程度上均有显著差异,尤其是按是否改制分流对员工进行分类,改制期员工的风险感知在程度上高于普通员工,在方向上更偏向于威胁感知。在第二部分研究中我们运用风险投资实验对改制员工和普通员工的风险决策的特点进行研究,分析了不同类型员工的风险感知对其风险决策的影响。这一部分研究结果表明不同类型员工的风险感知对风险决策的影响不同,改制期员工的风险感知较高,他们的风险决策也较为保守,而普通员工的风险感知较低,他们的风险决策较为开放。研究二着重探讨改制期员工的风险感知与信息来源可信度对风险决策的影响。我们将信息来源可信度进行操纵,将风险投资任务分为权威和非权威类别,请改制期员工分别进行实验任务,通过此方法来研究风险感知和信息来源可信度对改制期员工风险决策产生的影响。研究表明,信息来源对风险决策产生了很强的引导性,在信息来源的影响下风险感知对风险决策的影响被削弱,专家信息在改制期员工的风险决策中具有权威性的地位。在同样的信息内容和性质下,改制期员工在专家信息的引导下风险决策偏向于开放,而在非专家的引导下,风险决策则偏向于保守,在这一过程中,员工风险感知作用的影响则被减弱。以上这些研究结果不仅丰富了风险决策的理论基础,还有很大的现实指导意义。它不仅对顺利推进国有企业改制有着建设性作用,还有利于维护改制期员工的合法权益、保障他们的工作生活质量。
[Abstract]:As one of the key steps of the reform of state-owned enterprises, restructuring and diversion is an important measure for many production enterprises to merge capacity and optimize the allocation of resources. It has brought a new direction of development, huge development space and strong profit growth for the state-owned enterprises. But for the state-owned enterprises, the diversion and restructuring is a turning point and challenge. The problem of distribution and resettlement and the state of work life have gradually come into the field of vision of the researchers. The current distributary and restructured staff group has a large number and wide coverage. Although it has received a wide range of attention from all walks of life, the research on this group is relatively weak on the psychological level, especially for this group. The research on the characteristics of decision making is more scarce. The reform and distributary employees face a variety of risk decisions in the stage of enterprise restructuring. Therefore, it is of great value to study the risk decision of the reformed employees from the psychological perspective. It is of great significance to study the characteristics of risk perception and its role in risk decision making. It not only supports the risk perception theory of social risk assessment, but also discusses the sensitivity of the employees in this special stage to the environment at this special stage. Information is an important basis and clue to the future career development. The credibility of information sources affects people's cognition and judgment of information to a great extent, and further affects the risk decision making. Therefore, the research on the role of the credibility of information sources in the process of risk decision making for the employees in the reformed period is to the enterprise. It plays an important role in the completion of reform and development. This study adopts a combination of questionnaire and experimental methods to extract 200 employees of state-owned enterprises, using risk investment task, risk perception situation questionnaire, and the manipulation of information source reliability to study the risk decision-making and influencing factors of the employees in the reformed period. The first part of the study uses the risk perception situational questionnaire to investigate the sample employees and analyze the differences between the employees' risk perception in their various dimensions, especially on the classification of the risk perception of the two types of employees. There are significant differences in gender, age and degree of education among employees, especially the classification of employees according to whether or not they are diverted. The risk perception of the employees in the reformed period is higher than that of the ordinary employees, and the risk perception is more biased in the direction. In the second part of the study, we use the venture capital experiment to reorganize the employees. This part analyses the impact of risk perception on risk decision making of different types of employees. The results show that the risk perception of different types of employees has different impact on risk decision-making, the risk perception of the employees in the reformed period is higher, and their risk decision-making is more conservative, but common. The employees' risk perception is low, and their risk decision-making is more open. Study two focuses on the impact of risk perception and information source credibility on risk decision making in the restructured period. We manipulate the credibility of information sources and divide the venture investment tasks into authoritative and non authoritative categories, and the employees in the restructured period are asked to carry out the experimental task respectively. This method is used to study the impact of risk perception and information source credibility on the risk decision of employees in the restructured period. The research shows that information sources have a strong guidance on risk decision-making, and the impact of risk perception on risk decision-making is weakened under the influence of information sources. Under the guidance of expert information, under the guidance of expert information, the risk decision is biased towards conservatism under the guidance of expert information. In this process, the impact of employee risk perception is weakened. These results not only enrich the risk, but the above results not only enrich the risk. The theoretical basis of decision making is of great practical significance. It not only has a constructive role in promoting the reform of state-owned enterprises smoothly, but also helps to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the employees in the reformed period and ensure the quality of their work and life.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848

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