先行刺激一致性与任务准备对反应重复效应的影响

发布时间：2018-07-01 17:02

本文选题：一致性 + 任务准备　；参考：《首都师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：转换加工中,两个连续任务做相同反应时,在重复任务中出现反应重复收益,在转换任务中出现反应重复损失。本研究借助高时间分辨率的事件相关电位(ERPs)技术,采用序列双任务程序(sequential two-task procedure),探讨先行任务刺激的一致性以及任务准备对反应重复效应的影响。实验1任务1(先行任务)使用单维刺激(如AbA/343),实验2任务1使用双维刺激(如A5A/b4b),两实验任务2中均使用中性刺激(如*6*/*E*),要求被试对中间字母的大小写或数字的奇偶作反应。两个实验的行为结果均表明,任务1中相对于不一致刺激,对一致刺激的反应更快,正确率更高。两实验任务1相比较发现,两个实验对应条件下的反应时和正确率无显著差异。任务2中,先行刺激一致性和任务准备对转换任务中的反应重复损失没有影响；而在重复任务中,当有任务线索提前呈现时,反应重复收益不显著,只有在无线索block中才有显著的收益发生。实验1脑电结果表明,在FZ电极350-500ms的三个时窗出现了启动效应,重复任务中重复反应序列诱发的波幅更正；在任务2刺激后的单侧化准备电位(LRP)上重复任务和转换任务中都出现了显著的反应抑制增长；在任务2刺激前的单侧化准备电位(LRP)上未出现显著的反应抑制,也未出现一致性对反应抑制的调节。实验2脑电结果表明,当任务1的刺激是双维刺激时,在任务2刺激前的LRP上出现显著的反应抑制,以及先行刺激一致性对反应抑制的调节,即在先行刺激一致条件下的反应抑制更强。两个实验中任务准备对任务2刺激前的反应抑制的影响不显著,但是均会加快任务2刺激后LRP上的反应抑制增长的速度。本研究的结果表明,反应重复效应包括启动和抑制两个发生机制,但是先行刺激一致性对反应抑制的影响可能并不是源于反应强度的差异,只有当先行刺激为双维刺激时,才会在刺激2前出现一致性对反应抑制的影响。另外,任务准备并非反应抑制发生的必要前提,在无任务准备的情况下反应抑制仍然发生,但是任务准备会加快刺激2后反应抑制增长的速度。
[Abstract]:In the conversion process, when two consecutive tasks do the same reaction, there is a reaction repetition benefit in the repeated task, and a reaction repetition loss occurs in the conversion task. In this study, the event-related potentials (ERPs) technique with high temporal resolution was used to investigate the consistency of pre-task stimuli and the effects of task readiness on response repetition by using sequential two-task program (sequential two-task procedure),). Task 1 (first task) used single dimensional stimulation (such as AbA/343), experiment 2 task 1 used double dimensional stimulation (such as A5A/b4b), and both tasks 2 used neutral stimuli (E. G. 6 / E*). Subjects were asked to respond to the odd and even characters of middle letters. The behavioral results of the two experiments showed that the response to consistent stimulus was faster and the accuracy was higher in task 1 than in inconsistent stimulus. Compared with task 1, there was no significant difference in the response time and accuracy of the two experiments under the corresponding conditions. In task 2, the stimulus consistency and task preparation had no effect on the repetitive loss of response in the transition task, but in the repeated task, the response repetition benefit was not significant when there was a task clue presented in advance. Only in a cue-free block does a significant return occur. In experiment 1, the results of EEG showed that there was a priming effect in the three time windows of 350-500ms at FZ electrode, and the amplitude correction induced by repeated reaction sequence in repeated tasks. After task 2 stimulation, there was significant inhibition of the growth of repeated tasks and transition tasks, but there was no significant inhibition on the response inhibition of LRP before task 2 stimulation, and no significant inhibition was found on the response inhibition of LRP before task 2 stimulation, but no significant inhibition was found in the response to LRP before task 2 stimulation, but no significant inhibition was found in the response to LRP before task 2 stimulation. There was no consistent regulation of response inhibition. The results of experiment 2 showed that when the stimulation of task 1 was a two dimensional stimulation, there was a significant inhibition of response on the LRP before the stimulation of task 2, and the regulation of the response inhibition by the consistency of the first stimulus. In other words, the response was inhibited more strongly under the condition of consistent stimulus. In both experiments, task readiness had no significant effect on the inhibition of response before task 2 stimulation, but both increased the growth rate of response inhibition on LRP after task 2 stimulation. The results of this study indicate that the response repetition effect includes two mechanisms of initiation and inhibition, but the effect of coherence on response inhibition may not be due to the difference of response intensity, only when the first stimulus is two dimensional stimulation. It was only before stimulation 2 that the effect of consistency on response inhibition appeared. In addition, task preparation is not a necessary prerequisite for the occurrence of response inhibition, but it still occurs without task preparation, but task preparation can accelerate the growth rate of response inhibition after stimulation 2.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

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