自闭症谱系障碍儿童视觉加工的视野偏向研究

发布时间：2018-07-02 19:31

本文选题：自闭症 + 视野偏向　；参考：《闽南师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：自闭症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder, ASD)是一组发生于儿童早期的发展障碍性疾病,突出表现为社会交流障碍、限制性兴趣／重复行为。已有研究发现,特异的视觉加工方式可能是ASD较早表现出的症状之一,代表了大脑相关区域功能上的缺陷。社会交往是一种复杂的活动,既包括面孔,也包括面孔所处的周围场景。为了探讨在正常人面孔加工中所表现出来的视野偏向现象是否普遍存在于场景知觉中,是否也表现在ASD患者的社交场景加工中,选取3-6岁的ASD患儿和正常儿童各31名,让他们自由观看场景图片,收集其眼动指标：研究一让被试观看左右对称的室外场景和室内场景图片各20张,结果发现,与正常儿童相同,ASD儿童对场景的知觉产生左视野偏向现象,表现为对室内场景左视野的觉察时间更短,注视时间和观察时间更长；但ASD对场景的加工能力弱于正常儿童。为了进一步探讨人类面孔的出现是否对视野偏向注意产生影响,研究二让被试观看左右对称的室内场景图片各8张,每张图片左右两侧各坐有同一个人物,结果发现,与正常儿童相同,ASD儿童对信息对称的社交场景区域、人物及面孔均存在左视野偏向注意现象；但ASD儿童比正常儿童觉察速度更慢,注视时间更短。研究三结果发现,当对称场景图片中仅有左侧或右侧有一人物时,面孔吸引了两组儿童大量的注意,两组儿童的左视野偏向注意现象均不明显,表现为对人物出现一侧视野区域的偏好。由此可见,不论是ASD儿童还是正常儿童,场景知觉中都存在左视野偏向注意,但当场景中出现低水平知觉刺激如面孔等社交信息,其注意的视野偏向现象将不再明显。ASD儿童对场景的知觉和加工均比正常儿童差。
[Abstract]:Autism spectrum disorder (autism spectrum disorder,) is a group of developmental disorders occurring in early childhood. It has been found that specific visual processing may be one of the early symptoms of ASD, representing functional defects in the related regions of the brain. Social interaction is a complex activity, including both the face and the surrounding scene of the face. In order to investigate whether the phenomenon of visual field bias in normal face processing is common in scene perception, and whether it is also reflected in the social scene processing of ASD patients, 31 ASD children aged 3-6 years and 31 normal children were selected. They were given the freedom to look at scene images and collect their eye movement indicators. The study showed that 20 outdoor and 20 indoor images of left and right symmetrical scenes were viewed by the subjects, and the results showed that, As in normal children, the perception of the scene of ASD children produces the phenomenon of left visual field bias, which shows that the detection time of the left visual field of indoor scene is shorter, the time of fixation and observation is longer, but the processing ability of ASD to the scene is weaker than that of the normal children. In order to further explore whether the appearance of human faces has an effect on visual field bias, the second study asked the subjects to look at the left and right symmetrical indoor scene pictures 8 each, each with the same character sitting on the left and right sides of each picture. Compared with normal children, ASD children have the phenomenon of left visual field bias attention in the information symmetrical social scene area, but ASD children have slower detection speed and shorter fixation time than normal children. The third study found that when there was only one person on the left or right side of the symmetrical scene, the face attracted a lot of attention from the two groups of children, and the left visual field bias attention was not obvious in both groups. It is expressed as a preference for the appearance of one side of the field of vision of the character. It can be seen that whether ASD children or normal children, there is a left visual field bias in scene perception, but when there is low level of perceptual stimuli such as social information such as faces in the scene, The visual field bias will no longer be obvious. ASD children's perception and processing of the scene are worse than that of normal children.
【学位授予单位】：闽南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

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