情绪对冲突适应的影响

发布时间：2018-07-04 06:38

本文选题：情绪 + 冲突适应　；参考：《西南大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：日常生活当中,我们会根据所处的环境、自己的经验、自己的能力与状态及所要解决的任务来调整自己的行为方式,已达到任务解决的最优化,这一过程叫做认知控制。其中先前的经验对自己的行为方式起着重要的作用。如我们经常会说“吃一堑长一智”、“前事不忘后事之师”、“前车之鉴”等。在心理学实验中,我们经常用冲突适应效应来模拟现实生活中经验对其后行为的影响。所谓冲突适应是指人们先前经历冲突与否对其后冲突的解决会有影响。即大脑会根据先前的经验来优化当前问题的解决。研究冲突适应效应对于理解人类如何适应复杂的环境具有重要意义。在实验室中,多用Stroop flanker或Simon任务来研究冲突适应。以往的研究主要集中在对冲突适应效应本质的研究,如冲突适应效应是冲突的结果还是刺激重复的结果?如果是冲突的结果,那么是反应冲突还是刺激冲突?然而,关于冲突适应效应产生的影响因素的研究却相对较少。由于冲突适应效应产生的理论解释和产生条件存在许多争论,因此研究者试图从冲突适应效应产生的影响因素中找到一些蛛丝马迹,结果发现认知因素(比如注意资源)等对冲突适应效应影响较小,而非认知因素(比如情绪)对冲突适应效应则有明显的影响。本研究则是想进一步研究情绪对冲突适应效应的影响。情绪对我们的行为和认知产生了深远的影响,可能是因为情绪刺激和生存有密切关系,所以我们会优先加工他们,从而影响行为和认知的方方面面。已有研究表明,心情对冲突适应效应的影响心情的效价有关,而非心情的唤醒度。至于情绪对冲突适应的影响是与情绪的效价有关还是情绪的唤醒度,由于缺少对积极情绪的研究,所以也无从知晓。此外,重复问题在冲突适应效应领域一直有着争议问题,即冲突适应的本质到底是冲突还是刺激或反应重复。本研究也会试探讨这一问题是否会影响情绪对冲突适应的影响。本研究通过采用情绪词语(消极词语、积极词语、中性词语)的颜色flanker任务,来探讨情绪影响冲突适应效应的三个问题：1)积极情绪是否影响冲突适应效应?如果有影响,那么是如何影响的,是阻碍还是促进?2)情绪对冲突适应效应的影响与情绪效价有关还是情绪唤醒度?3)刺激重复是否会影响情绪对冲突适应效应的影响?实验1采用两颜色的flanker任务,结果发现无论是消极情绪还是积极情绪都促进了冲突适应效应,这就回答了本研究的前两个问题：积极情绪能促进冲突适应效应；情绪对冲突适应效应的影响与情绪唤醒度有关而非情绪效价。由于实验1并没有控制刺激重复问题,因此在实验2中控制刺激重复,进一步探讨本研究的问题3)。实验2采用四颜色的flanker任务,分别分析重复试次和非重复试次后发现,重复试次的冲突适应效应不受情绪调节,而非重复试次的结果基本与实验1一致,即在非重复试次中,依然得到无论是消极情绪还是积极情绪都促进了冲突适应效应,因此,重复问题不会影响情绪对冲突适应效应的影响。本研究的结果表明,情绪确实会影响冲突适应效应,并与情绪的唤醒度有关。且这一结果不受刺激或反应重复的影响。本研究将为后续的研究及现实生活提供启示和借鉴。
[Abstract]:In everyday life, we will adjust our way of behavior based on the environment, our own experience, our ability and state, and the tasks to be solved. We have reached the optimization of task solving. This process is called cognitive control. The previous experience plays an important role in the way of behavior. In psychology experiments, we often use conflict adaptation effects to simulate the impact of experience in real life on subsequent behavior. Previous experience has been used to optimize the solution of current problems. Studying the effect of conflict adaptation is important for understanding how humans adapt to complex environments.
In the laboratory, Stroop flanker or Simon tasks are used to study conflict adaptation. Previous studies focused on the study of the nature of the adaptation effect of conflict, such as the result of conflict adaptation or the result of stimulating repetition, if it is the result of the conflict, is it a response or a stimulus? There are relatively few studies on the influencing factors that should be produced. Because there are many controversies on the theoretical interpretation and production conditions of the adaptation effect of conflict, the researchers try to find some clues from the influencing factors of the adaptation effect of conflict, and the results show that cognitive factors, such as attention resources, have little influence on the adaptation effect of conflict. Non cognitive factors (such as emotions) have a significant impact on the adaptive effects of conflict. This study intends to further study the effects of emotion on the adaptive effects of conflict.
Emotions have a profound impact on our behavior and cognition, probably because of emotional stimuli and survival, so we have priority to process them and affect all aspects of behavior and cognition. The effect of thread on conflict adaptation is whether it is related to the valence of emotion or the degree of emotional arousal. Because of the lack of research on positive emotions, there is no understanding. In addition, the problem of repetition in the field of conflict adaptation has always been controversial, that is, whether the nature of conflict adaptation is rushing or stimulating or reacting. Does this question affect the influence of emotion on conflict adaptation?
This study uses the color flanker task of emotional words (negative words, positive words, neutral words) to explore three questions about the adaptation effect of emotional impact on Conflict: 1) does positive emotion affect the adaptation effect of conflict? If it is affected, how is it affected, whether it is hindering or promoting? 2) the influence of emotion on the adaptation effect of conflict Is it related to emotional titer or emotional arousal? 3) whether stimulus repetition affects the effect of emotion on the adaptation to conflict? Experiment 1 uses the two color flanker task to find that both negative and positive emotions promote conflict adaptation, which answers the first two questions of this study: positive emotions can promote the impact of conflict. The effect of adaptation; the effect of emotion on the adaptation effect of the conflict was related to emotional arousal rather than emotional titer. As experiment 1 did not control the problem of stimulation repetition, the stimulation repetition was controlled in Experiment 2, and the problem 3 in this study was further explored. Experiment 2 used the four color flanker task to analyze repeated and non repeated tests. It was found that the adaptation effect of repeated trials was not regulated by emotion, but the result of non repetition was basically consistent with experiment 1, that is, both negative and positive emotions promoted the adaptation effect in the non repeated trial. Therefore, repeated problems did not affect the effect of emotion on the adaptation effect of conflict. The results show that emotion does affect the adaptation effect of conflict and is related to the degree of arousal of emotion. And this result is not affected by stimulation or repetition. This study will provide inspiration and reference for future research and real life.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842.6

【参考文献】