材料类型及选择性注意对听觉内隐学习的影响

发布时间：2018-07-08 18:57

本文选题：内隐学习 + 人工语法　；参考：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,内隐学习研究领域一直存在这样的争论:内隐学习是否需要选择性注意的参与?一些研究发现,内隐学习不需要选择性注意的参与,被试对选择注意的材料和未选择注意的材料都能产生内隐学习。然而,另一些研究却得出了完全相反的结论,发现内隐学习需要选择性注意的参与,只有被选择注意的材料才能发生内隐学习,而未被选择注意的材料内隐学习并未发生。显而易见,选择性注意与内隐学习的关系问题仍然悬而未决且亟待进一步探讨。文献梳理发现,以往研究在探讨选择性注意对内隐学习的影响时,采用的材料类型各不相同。鉴于视觉内隐学习具有材料敏感性,且以往研究大多仅针对视觉内隐学习进行了探讨,听觉内隐学习的研究却比较少见,听觉内隐学习是否具有材料敏感性也未见相关研究报道。因此,需要进一步探讨不同材料类型条件下,选择性注意对听觉内隐学习效果的影响,从而为内隐学习的加工机制提供证据。研究以191名在校大学生为被试,以人工语法为学习任务,探讨不同材料类型条件下选择性注意对听觉内隐学习的影响。结果发现:(1)双耳材料类型相同时,选择性注意的主效应显著,材料类型的主效应不显著,交互作用不显著。(2)双耳材料类型不同时,注意材料类型的主效应不显著,测验材料类型的主效应显著,交互作用显著。结论:(1)双耳材料类型相同时,选择性注意对听觉内隐学习存在影响,但材料类型对听觉内隐学习不存在影响。(2)双耳材料类型不同时,选择性注意对听觉内隐学习存在影响,材料类型对听觉内隐学习也存在影响,听觉内隐学习具有材料敏感性,有意义材料的内隐学习效果好于无意义材料。
[Abstract]:In recent years, there has been a debate in the field of implicit learning: does implicit learning require selective attention? Some studies have found that implicit learning does not require selective attention. However, some other studies have come to the opposite conclusion: implicit learning requires the participation of selective attention, only the materials selected for attention can learn implicit learning, but the implicit learning of materials that are not chosen for attention does not take place. It is obvious that the relationship between selective attention and implicit learning remains unresolved and needs to be further explored. Literature review shows that the material types used in the previous studies are different when exploring the effects of selective attention on implicit learning. Since visual implicit learning is of material sensitivity and previous studies have focused on visual implicit learning, the study of auditory implicit learning is rare. Whether auditory implicit learning is material sensitive has not been reported. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore the effects of selective attention on auditory implicit learning under different material types, so as to provide evidence for the processing mechanism of implicit learning. Using 191 college students as subjects and artificial grammar as learning task, the study explored the effects of selective attention on auditory implicit learning under different material types. The results showed that: (1) when the type of binaural material was the same, the main effect of selective attention was significant, the main effect of material type was not significant, and the interaction was not significant. (2) the main effect of material type of attention was not significant when the type of binaural material was different. The main effect of test material type was significant, and the interaction was significant. Conclusion: (1) selective attention has an effect on auditory implicit learning when the type of binaural material is the same, but material type has no effect on auditory implicit learning. (2) selective attention has an effect on auditory implicit learning when the type of binaural material is different. The material types also have an effect on auditory implicit learning. Auditory implicit learning is sensitive to materials and the implicit learning effect of meaningful materials is better than that of meaningless materials.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.3

【参考文献】