道路负荷和视觉搜索任务对驾驶员无意视盲影响的眼动研究

发布时间：2018-07-09 20:59

本文选题：无意视盲 + 驾驶　；参考：《辽宁师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：驾驶是一项需要持续监控视觉环境，不断过滤视觉信息以保证注意最重要线索的情境。驾驶中驾驶员不仅需要注意路面信息，同时还要监控道路两侧的情境，并且经常出现搜索目标物的情况。而对目标物的搜索会引起注意分散和信息加工能力的下降，进而影响驾驶员的整体绩效。本研究旨在探索道路负荷和视觉搜索任务对驾驶员无意视盲现象的影响，借用眼动技术，对39名新手驾驶员和17名经验驾驶员的眼动数据进行分析，系统考察了简单路况和复杂路况，，行人非预期刺激和尾灯非预期刺激，新手驾驶员和经验驾驶员，低认知负荷和高认知负荷，以及非预期问题的相关性对驾驶员无意视盲现象的影响。实验结果指出，随着知觉负荷和认知负荷水平的提高，驾驶员无意视盲比率升高，对非预期目标的检测率降低，即任务无关刺激的知觉水平，取决于任务相关刺激的负荷水平。本研究得出的具体结论如下： 1.复杂路况的注视点的持续时间低于简单路况，而总注视次数多于简单路况。 2.被试回答行人非预期问题的正确率高于尾灯非预期问题的正确率。简单路况条件下，被试对行人非预期刺激的注视点的持续时间和总注视时间多于尾灯非预期刺激，而复杂路况条件下，被试对尾灯非预期刺激的总注视时间和总注视次数都多于行人非预期刺激。 3.被试在低认知负荷条件下的总注视时间和总注视次数都多于高认识负荷条件。随着认知负荷水平的提高，被试回答行人非预期问题的正确率下降，并且对行人非预期刺激的总注视时间和总注视次数都减少。 4.经验驾驶员回答行人相关问题的正确率高于不相关问题的正确率。 5.与新手驾驶员相比，经验驾驶员回答简单路况中行人问题的正确率更高，而新手驾驶员注视点的持续时间长于经验驾驶员。
[Abstract]:Driving is a situation that requires continuous monitoring of the visual environment and constant filtering of visual information to ensure attention to the most important clues. Drivers not only need to pay attention to road information, but also monitor the situation on both sides of the road. The object search will cause the distraction of attention and the decline of information processing ability, which will affect the overall performance of the driver. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of road load and visual search task on drivers' unintentional blindness, and to analyze the eye movement data of 39 novice drivers and 17 experienced drivers by using eye movement technology. Simple and complex road conditions, pedestrian unexpected stimuli and taillight unanticipated stimuli, novice drivers and experienced drivers, low cognitive load and high cognitive load were systematically investigated. And the influence of the correlation of unexpected problems on drivers' unintentional blindness. The experimental results show that with the increase of perceived load and cognitive load, the ratio of unintentional blindness increases and the detection rate of unexpected target decreases, that is, the perceived level of task-independent stimulus depends on the load level of task-related stimulus. The specific conclusions of this study are as follows: 1. The duration of fixation point in complex road condition is lower than that in simple road condition, and the total fixation frequency is more than that in simple road condition. The correct rate of answering pedestrian unexpected questions was higher than that of taillight unexpected questions. Under simple road condition, the duration and total fixation time of the fixed point of pedestrian unexpected stimulation were longer than that of tail light unanticipated stimulation, while under complex road condition, the duration and total fixation time of pedestrian unanticipated stimulation were more than that of tail light unanticipated stimulation, but under complex road condition, The total fixation time and the total fixation times of the subjects were more than that of the pedestrian unanticipated stimuli. 3. 3. The total fixation time and the total fixation times of subjects under low cognitive load were higher than those of high cognitive load. With the increase of cognitive load level, the correct rate of answering pedestrian unexpected questions decreased, and the total fixation time and the total fixation times of pedestrian unexpected stimulation decreased. 4. The correct rate of experienced drivers answering pedestrian related questions is higher than that of uncorrelated questions. 5. 5. Compared with novice drivers, experienced drivers have a higher correct rate of answering pedestrian questions in simple road conditions, while novice drivers have longer fixation points than experienced drivers.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

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