贫困大学生歧视知觉、自尊对其攻击性的影响
发布时间：2018-07-16 12:09
【摘要】：以往的研究表明,黑人、移民、流动或留守儿童的歧视知觉可显著正向预测其攻击性。但不同自尊水平的个体,在知觉到被歧视后,表现出的攻击性不同。相对而言,贫困大学生有更多的歧视知觉。因此,本文旨在通过质性研究探索贫困大学生歧视知觉的结构,并在此基础上考察他们的歧视知觉和自尊对其攻击性的影响。研究一采用目的性抽样法选16名贫困大学生进行访谈。对访谈资料的质性分析显示,贫困大学生普遍存在歧视知觉,其歧视知觉由言语歧视知觉(知觉到的他人对自己负面的评价,如辱骂和嘲笑)、回避性歧视知觉(知觉到他人拒绝与自己有身体上的接触、保持心理距离等)和行为歧视知觉(知觉到他人拒绝给予自己同等的待遇或剥夺其应有的权利)三部分组成。研究二采用中文版的Rosenberg自尊量表和马洛-克罗恩社会赞许性量(MCSD),从565名贫困大学生中筛选出真实性高自尊者39人、防御性高自尊和低自尊者各60人为被试;以自录的歧视知觉视频和中性视频《帝企鹅日记》为实验材料,以动物园射击熊的游戏测量攻击性,采用2×3的被试间实验设计,考察歧视知觉、自尊对贫困大学生攻击性的影响。结果显示:火力大小上,歧视知觉主效应显著,自尊水平主效应显著,歧视知觉与自尊水平交互作用显著;简单效应分析结果显示,在歧视知觉视频条件下,防御性高自尊个体选择的火力大小显著高于真实性高自尊和低自尊个体,而真实性高自尊和低自尊没有显著差异;而在中性视频条件下,不同自尊水平个体选择的火力大小无显著差异。子弹数目上,歧视知觉主效应显著,自尊水平主效应显著,歧视知觉与自尊水平交互作用显著;简单效应分析结果显示,在歧视知觉视频条件下,防御性高自尊和低自尊个体选择的被试选择的子弹数目均显著高于真实性高自尊个体,而防御性高自尊和低自尊被试间的子弹数目没有显著差异;而在中性视频条件下,不同自尊水平个体选择的子弹数目均无显著差异。结论:(1)贫困大学生的自尊水平显著低于非贫困大学生。(2)贫困大学生普遍存在歧视知觉,其歧视知觉包括言语歧视知觉、回避性歧视知觉和行为歧视知觉三类。(3)贫困大学生的歧视知觉可显著正向预测其攻击性。(4)贫困大学生知觉到被歧视后,防御性高自尊者攻击性最强,真实性高自尊者攻击性最弱。
[Abstract]:Previous studies have shown that discrimination perceptions in black, immigrant, migrant or left-behind children can significantly positively predict aggression. However, individuals with different levels of self-esteem displayed different levels of aggression after being perceived to be discriminated against. Relatively speaking, poor college students have more sense of discrimination. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the structure of poor college students' perception of discrimination through qualitative research, and on this basis to investigate the influence of their perception of discrimination and self-esteem on their aggression. In the first study, 16 poor college students were interviewed by purposeful sampling method. The qualitative analysis of interview data shows that poor college students generally have discrimination perception, and their discrimination perception is perceived by speech discrimination (perceived negative evaluation of themselves by others). Such as insults and ridicule, evasive discrimination perception (perception that others refuse to have physical contact with themselves, It consists of three parts: maintaining psychological distance, etc., and the perception of discrimination (the perception that others refuse to give themselves equal treatment or deprive them of their due rights) consists of three parts. In the second study, 39 students with real high self-esteem and 60 subjects with defensive high self-esteem and low self-esteem were selected from 565 poor college students with Rosenberg Self-esteem scale and MCSD. Using self-recorded video of discrimination perception and neutral video of Emperor Penguin Diary as experimental materials, aggression was measured by game of shooting bears in zoos. The experimental design of 2 脳 3 subjects was used to investigate the perception of discrimination. The effect of self-esteem on aggression of poor college students. The results showed that the main effect of discrimination perception was significant, the main effect of self-esteem level was significant, the interaction between discrimination perception and self-esteem level was significant, and the results of simple effect analysis showed that, under the condition of discrimination perception video, the main effect of discrimination perception was significant. The firepower of defensive high self-esteem individuals was significantly higher than that of real high self-esteem individuals and low self-esteem individuals, but there was no significant difference between real high self-esteem individuals and low self-esteem individuals. There was no significant difference in firepower between individuals with different self-esteem levels. In terms of the number of bullets, the main effects of discrimination perception, self-esteem level and the interaction between discrimination perception and self-esteem level were significant. The number of bullets selected by defensive high self-esteem and low self-esteem individuals was significantly higher than that of real high self-esteem individuals, but there was no significant difference between defensive high self-esteem and low self-esteem subjects. There was no significant difference in the number of bullets selected by individuals with different self-esteem levels. Conclusion: (1) the level of self-esteem of poor college students is significantly lower than that of non-poor college students. (2) there is discrimination perception in poor college students, which includes speech discrimination perception. There are three types of perception of avoidance discrimination and behavioral discrimination. (3) the discrimination perception of poor college students can predict their aggression significantly positively. (4) when poor college students are aware of being discriminated against, those with defensive high self-esteem are the most aggressive. Authenticity, high self-esteem, aggression is the weakest.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2
本文编号：2126348
[Abstract]:Previous studies have shown that discrimination perceptions in black, immigrant, migrant or left-behind children can significantly positively predict aggression. However, individuals with different levels of self-esteem displayed different levels of aggression after being perceived to be discriminated against. Relatively speaking, poor college students have more sense of discrimination. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the structure of poor college students' perception of discrimination through qualitative research, and on this basis to investigate the influence of their perception of discrimination and self-esteem on their aggression. In the first study, 16 poor college students were interviewed by purposeful sampling method. The qualitative analysis of interview data shows that poor college students generally have discrimination perception, and their discrimination perception is perceived by speech discrimination (perceived negative evaluation of themselves by others). Such as insults and ridicule, evasive discrimination perception (perception that others refuse to have physical contact with themselves, It consists of three parts: maintaining psychological distance, etc., and the perception of discrimination (the perception that others refuse to give themselves equal treatment or deprive them of their due rights) consists of three parts. In the second study, 39 students with real high self-esteem and 60 subjects with defensive high self-esteem and low self-esteem were selected from 565 poor college students with Rosenberg Self-esteem scale and MCSD. Using self-recorded video of discrimination perception and neutral video of Emperor Penguin Diary as experimental materials, aggression was measured by game of shooting bears in zoos. The experimental design of 2 脳 3 subjects was used to investigate the perception of discrimination. The effect of self-esteem on aggression of poor college students. The results showed that the main effect of discrimination perception was significant, the main effect of self-esteem level was significant, the interaction between discrimination perception and self-esteem level was significant, and the results of simple effect analysis showed that, under the condition of discrimination perception video, the main effect of discrimination perception was significant. The firepower of defensive high self-esteem individuals was significantly higher than that of real high self-esteem individuals and low self-esteem individuals, but there was no significant difference between real high self-esteem individuals and low self-esteem individuals. There was no significant difference in firepower between individuals with different self-esteem levels. In terms of the number of bullets, the main effects of discrimination perception, self-esteem level and the interaction between discrimination perception and self-esteem level were significant. The number of bullets selected by defensive high self-esteem and low self-esteem individuals was significantly higher than that of real high self-esteem individuals, but there was no significant difference between defensive high self-esteem and low self-esteem subjects. There was no significant difference in the number of bullets selected by individuals with different self-esteem levels. Conclusion: (1) the level of self-esteem of poor college students is significantly lower than that of non-poor college students. (2) there is discrimination perception in poor college students, which includes speech discrimination perception. There are three types of perception of avoidance discrimination and behavioral discrimination. (3) the discrimination perception of poor college students can predict their aggression significantly positively. (4) when poor college students are aware of being discriminated against, those with defensive high self-esteem are the most aggressive. Authenticity, high self-esteem, aggression is the weakest.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2
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